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    15 September 1998, Volume 17 Issue 03
    Study on burying ages of fossil teeth from Yuanmou Man site, Yunnan province, China
    Huang Peihua, R. Grǜn
    1998, 17(03):  165-170. 
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    Yuanmou Man site is a bout 5 km southeast of Yuanmou county , north pa rt o f Yunnan Province. Two incisor teeth of Homo erectus w ere found on surface of hill top at piedmont of Dongshan ( East mounatain) in the Yuanmou basin 1965. The fossil teeth with mammalian fossils buried in a pluvial fa n deposits at piedmont in the Early Pleistocene. Horse and rhinoceros fossil teeth w ere collected from the site and among their 14 tooth samples w ere selected for electron spin resonance ( ESR) dating. These fossil teeth contain high level uranium. U-content in a dentine sample reaches to 248 μg· g- 1 , and U-content in a sediment sample reaches to 26μg· g- 1 . Calculating ag es of two dating samples, ages o f early uranium uptake ( EU) model are 0. 90_ 0. 97 Ma and linear uranium uptake ( LU) model are 1. 5_ 1. 6 Ma; three U-content high level samples ag es of EU mode are 0. 67_ 0. 81 Ma and LU model are 1. 12_ 1. 15 Ma. Considering that these fossil teeth buried a long time (> 1 Ma) , and the pluvial deposits contain abundant underground water which carrying uranium and post deposit U was continuously accumulated in these fossil tooth , therefore, LU model is adopted to be better and reasonable. i. e. these fossil buried ages o f Yuanmou Man site are more than 1. 1 Ma and less than 1. 6 M a. The results o f da ting ag es show that Yuanmou Man can compare with Turkana Man ( 1. 6 Ma ) o f Kenya, Africa and also belongs to the Early Homo erectus. The dating results correspond to palaeomagnetic measured results for the deposits a t Yuanmou site. The results a re 1. 63 _ 1. 70 M a, in period of Gilsa event, Ma tuyama Reversed Epoch. Age results mentioned above also show that the Yuanmou Man site is one of Early Homo erectus sites of Early Pleistocene in the world.
    U-series dating of stalagmite samples from Hulu cave in Nanjing, Jiangsu province, China
    Chen Qi, Wang Yongjin, Liu Zechun
    1998, 17(03):  171-176. 
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    Hulu Cave, 16km to the east of the centre of Nanjing ( 32°N, 119°E) , with the discovery of hominid cranium and an abundance of mammal fossils, is considered as one of the mo st important paleoanthropological sites in China. The fossil o f Nanjing Man w ill provide important evidence for human evolution.
    A stalagmite developed o n the capping flow-stone layer of the Hulu cave has been dated by U-series method, giving an age rang e of 417_ 207ka. While the age result of its core ( TSX, 417+ ∞- 74 ka) indicates the possibility of a still older age of the site, the study o n the paleoclimatic strategraphy tends to place the travertine layer a tδ18 O Stag e 11. Therefore, the fossil containing layer ca n be roughly correlated with 8th-9th Layer o f Zhoukoudian Palaeoanthropological Cave.
    The characteristics of deciduous teeth of bronze age human found in Changyang, Hubei province
    Liu Wu, Wang Shancai
    1998, 17(03):  177-190. 
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    The purposes of this paper are to study the characteristics of deciduous teeth o f bronze age Chinese and to explore the inter-population affinities in China and East Asia during this time period. The materials used in this paper include 296 deciduous teeth( see table 1) , which w ere excavated from an archaeological site in Chang yang county o f Hubei Province in central China. In this bronze age ( 4000 yea rs BP) site, a bout 30 adult and 80 children skeletons were found. Mo st of them are in fragmentary condition. Among the 296 deciduous teeth, only small part of them are attached with maxillary and mandibular bones. According to the methods of Hanihara and Wolpoff, both morphological observation and measurements w ere performed by the senior author. The results are as follow:
    Among the 12 morphological traits observed, the frequencies and expression patterns o f double shovel, interruption groove and tuberculum dentale are less obvious than those in permanent teeth. The characteristics in shovel incisors, Carabelli 's cusp, cusp number o f UM1 and LM 2, and distal trigonid crest are similar to those of permanent teeth ( see tables 2, 3, 4, and 5) . Four traits( cusp 6 of LM 1, cusp 7 o f LM 1 and deflecting wrinkle and protostylid) a re much more common and marked expressed in deciduous teeth than in permanent teeth ( see tables 5, 6 and 7). The authors believe that most o f the dental morphological traits in permanent teeth, which are thought to have identification value for racial or population groups, have equal expressions in deciduous teeth. Some o f them even have higher frequencies or mo re obvious expressions than in permanent teeth. Generally speaking , the dentition of deciduous teeth used in present study is similar to that o f other N E Asia n populations with Sinodont characteristics in morphology ( see table 10 ). How ever, a few dental traits show southern Mongoloid patterns. The reasons w ere also discussed in this paper.
    A preliminary study on the prehistoric site of Laolongdong
    Bai Ziqi
    1998, 17(03):  212-229. 
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    This pa per presents the result of a preliminary study o n a prehistoric site named Laolongdong Cave in Yuxi District, Yunnan Province. Cultural remains unearthed from the site and reported in this paper include artifacts made o f stone, bone and antler. A discussion was made o n the age of the site based on the features of cultural remains and faunal fossils.
    The study demonstrates that this cultural complex possesses its ow n characteristics and has connections with other prehistoric cultures in neighouning region. Therefore, it is a very important prehistoric site ( including Upper Paleolithic cultural horizons) found in southwestern China, especially in Yunnan Province recently , thus provides important clues for the research on the diversity o f Upper Paleolithic cultural types in South China.
    Comparative study on the relative high status of blood pressure between Mongolian and Han youth
    Ji Chengye
    1998, 17(03):  230-236. 
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    By using the data of 1991 National Surveillence on Chinese Student 's Physical Fitness and Health, the relatively high status o f blood pressure between the Chinese Mongolia n and Han youth w as analysed. It was found that among the youth aged 7 through 18, the incidences of relatively high blood pressure are significantly higher in the Mongolian ( 10. 6% in males and 14. 1% in females) than in the Ha n ( 5. 8% in males and 6. 4% in females) , whereas the incidences of evidently high systolic and /or diastolic blood pressure a re relatively high in the Mongolian groups too. Close relationships w ere found between the youth 's stature, body weight, Body M ass Index and the blood pressures, both in the Mongolia n and Han Groups. Among the youth with tall and broad body shape, the detecting rate o f relatively high blood pressure w as significantly high. One of the most important factors for causing the high incidence of high blood pressure in the Mongolian girls is their relative high basic diastolic blood pressure. The other affecting factors on the high incidence o f high blood pressure in the Mongolian youth w ere discussed, and the methods for the early prevention o f high blood pressure w ere also suggested by the author.
    Polymorphic analysis of DYS19 and DS287 in Han nationality and three other ethnic groups in northeast China
    Zhang Yong, Zhang Guiyin, Sun Yanyang, Xue Yali, Yang Huanjie, Chen Baibin, Li Pu
    1998, 17(03):  237-241. 
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    We analyzed the allelic distribution of Y-chromosome specific microsatellite DYS19 by PCR denatured polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in Ha n nationality and the Daur, the Oraqen and the Ewenki ethnic groups. The result demonstrated that the allelic distribution of Han nationality was dispersed: A 2. 9% , B 26. 09% , C 26. 09% , D28. 98% , E 15. 94% . There w as significant difference of allelic distribution between the Ha n nationality and three ethnic groups( P < 0. 05). We also investigated the polymorphism o f the Y-chromosome specific Alu insert sequence DYS287 in these four groups and found no Alu sequence insert.
    Study on the mthfr gene polymorphism of five nationalities in China
    Yu Jiamei, Wang Xinchun, Chen Baibin, Zhang Guiyin, Li Pu, Sun Yanyang, Xue Yali, Yang Huanjie
    1998, 17(03):  242-246. 
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    This report used PCR-RFLP technique to screen 79 persons o f Han Nationality, 30 persons of Oroqen, 31 persons of Ewenki, 31 persons of Daur and 29 persons of Zhuang Nationality , all were randomly selected and healthy. Their MTHFR 677 site polymorphisms w ere detected and compared with each other.
    Our results show ed that the polymorphic frequencies of this site are different among ethnic groups. Among 11 groups of Chinese and foreign populations, the V frequency o f Chinese Daur Nationality is highest, follow ed by that o f Han. This suggested that the frequencies of the variant V were higher in Asian groups.