Progress and issues of chronological studies of human fossil sites in China

doi:10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2021.0061

Abstract

Abstract:

The abundant ancient human remains in China provide important basic evidence and data for the study of the human origin, migration and evolution in East Asia or even the world. However, based on the compilation and statistical analysis of the published chronological data of more than 2000 Paleolithic and human fossil sites, we surprisingly found that most of these sites in China have never been dated, and less than 20% of them have carried out dating work. In addition, only about 10% of these sites have relatively reliable chronological data, but only with a small proportion have even carried out cross-dating with multiple dating methods. For more than 80 sites where human fossils were unearthed, the geochronometry data of more than a half still remain controversial. Here, we conducted a detailed analysis of the common complex syn-deposition and post-deposition reworking phenomena in some paleolithic and human fossil sites, especially the cave sites, and discussed the issues of the insufficient dating platform and geochronological researchers in China, the archaeological excavation process, and the chronological sampling and dating methodology, as well the possible ill effects on the chronological study of the Paleolithic and human fossils sites in China by them. Then, possible measures and suggestions for the future improvement in anthropological chronology research in China have been proposed. We hoped that these improving suggestions may attract more attention and deeper thinking for the perspectives of this research field.

Key words: Cave deposits, Sedimentary reworking, Paleoanthropological geochronology, Human evolution, Hominin site dating

CLC Number:

P533

GE Junyi, DENG Chenglong, SHAO Qingfeng, PEI Shuwen, TANG Ruiping, TU Hua, GAO Xing. Progress and issues of chronological studies of human fossil sites in China[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2021, 40(03): 393-410.

Figures/Tables 5

Fig.1 The statistical results of the age reliability classification of 2333 human fossil and Paleolithic sites

Fig.2 Statistical analysis of the types of dating methods applied on all the dated human fossil and Paleolithic sites in China

Fig.3 Maps showing locations of the human fossil and the Paleolithic site in China which are classified by reliability of dating data

Fig.4 Various of sedimentary models and archaeological excavation

Fig.5 Common erosion-accumulation modes in cave sediments

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