Acta Anthropologica Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (05): 862-874.doi: 10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2021.0062
• Research Articles • Previous Articles Next Articles
LI Wenqin(
), QIN Dabao, XIONG Jian, ZHANG Huijuan, HUANG Dayuan(
)
Received:2021-01-27
Revised:2021-05-08
Online:2022-10-15
Published:2022-10-14
Contact:
HUANG Dayuan
E-mail:2820341295@qq.com;hdy18kju@163.com
CLC Number:
LI Wenqin, QIN Dabao, XIONG Jian, ZHANG Huijuan, HUANG Dayuan. Head facial characteristics of Miao students in Lar Mountain area[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2022, 41(05): 862-874.
Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX
URL: https://www.anthropol.ac.cn/EN/10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2021.0062
| 性别Gender | 年龄age | 例数(n) | 头长Head length | 头宽Head breadth | 面宽Face breadth | 额最小宽Minimum breadth of forehead | 下颌角间宽bigonial breadth | 容貌面高I Physiognomic facial height | 形态面高Morphological surface height | 容貌上面高Physiognomic upper facial height | 形态上面高Morphological upper surface height | 头耳高Head and ear height |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 男M | 6 | 49 | 17.40±0.45 | 13.71±0.88 | 12.40±0.42* | 11.09±0.60 | 9.61±0.49 | 15.84±0.52 | 9.73±0.55* | 6.40±0.27** | 5.72±0.33* | 10.79±0.46 |
| 7 | 71 | 17.43±0.83 | 13.80±0.75 | 12.60±0.61 | 11.25±0.51 | 9.62±0.61 | 16.02±0.74 | 9.91±0.58 | 6.62±0.44 | 5.87±0.45 | 10.81±0.77 | |
| 8 | 97 | 17.56±0.61* | 14.02±0.63 | 12.42±0.85 | 11.26±0.57 | 9.73±0.53** | 16.08±0.80* | 9.94±0.56** | 6.70±0.51** | 5.92±0.48** | 10.90±0.71 | |
| 9 | 82 | 17.75±0.61 | 14.06±0.78 | 12.59±0.94 | 11.28±0.60 | 10.07±0.44 | 16.37±0.78 | 10.04±0.58* | 6.96±0.47 | 6.21±0.47 | 11.08±0.63 | |
| 10 | 82 | 17.81±0.79 | 14.11±0.54 | 12.78±0.71** | 11.33±0.62* | 10.10±0.44 | 16.59±0.80* | 10.47±0.63 | 7.00±0.49 | 6.26±0.47 | 11.13±0.65 | |
| 11 | 98 | 17.92±0.66 | 14.13±0.63 | 13.08±0.64* | 11.54±0.69 | 10.22±0.49* | 16.84±0.76** | 10.57±0.60* | 7.03±0.47* | 6.32±0.49 | 11.14±0.73 | |
| 12 | 120 | 17.96±0.70 | 14.14±0.60 | 13.25±0.60 | 11.62±0.60* | 10.39±0.52* | 17.22±0.89 | 10.74±0.64 | 7.18±0.45 | 6.37±0.46* | 11.17±0.72 | |
| 13 | 97 | 18.04±0.73 | 14.16±0.70* | 13.41±0.68** | 11.81±0.73** | 10.54±0.47** | 17.36±0.80** | 10.74±0.65** | 7.13±0.44** | 6.49±0.43 | 11.20±0.67 | |
| 14 | 77 | 18.21±0.69* | 14.39±0.64 | 13.86±0.61 | 12.11±0.64 | 10.84±0.54 | 17.74±0.82 | 11.15±0.66 | 7.35±0.47 | 6.52±0.43 | 11.22±0.84 | |
| 15 | 83 | 18.45±0.68 | 14.42±0.60 | 13.94±0.54* | 12.13±0.60 | 10.91±0.49** | 17.88±0.84 | 10.94±0.53* | 7.46±0.44 | 6.48±0.42* | 11.33±0.78 | |
| 16 | 63 | 18.46±0.66 | 14.48±0.80 | 14.19±0.59 | 12.15±0.66 | 11.17±0.48 | 18.09±0.95 | 11.32±0.54 | 7.48±0.40 | 6.62±0.38 | 11.58±0.79 | |
| 女F | 6 | 47 | 16.83±0.54*+ | 13.41±0.86 | 12.15±0.51# | 10.84±0.68** | 9.26±0.45+ | 15.67±0.58 | 9.57±0.52# | 6.24±0.32**+ | 5.59±0.31*# | 10.07±0.93+ |
| 7 | 69 | 17.11±0.69# | 13.58±0.77 | 12.32±0.66# | 11.19±0.63 | 9.36±0.51**+ | 15.76±0.80*# | 9.58±0.50**+ | 6.55±0.51 | 5.78±0.53 | 10.27±0.86+ | |
| 8 | 72 | 17.25±0.57+ | 13.59±0.82+ | 12.31±0.84* | 11.22±0.60 | 9.62±0.60* | 16.03±0.85* | 9.86±0.53 | 6.58±0.40 | 5.83±0.38* | 10.41±0.90*+ | |
| 9 | 93 | 17.27±0.57+ | 13.64±0.64+ | 12.54±0.55 | 11.21±0.65 | 9.81±0.53+ | 16.32±0.65** | 9.95±0.51* | 6.70±0.49*+ | 5.98±0.52*+ | 10.74±0.78*+ | |
| 10 | 132 | 17.28±0.67+ | 13.77±0.60+ | 12.67±0.74 | 11.24±0.58 | 9.91±0.48*+ | 16.63±0.86* | 10.16±0.59*+ | 6.86±0.45# | 6.11±0.44# | 10.96±0.78 | |
| 11 | 115 | 17.40±0.68*+ | 13.82±0.70+ | 12.69±0.80**+ | 11.31±0.62**# | 10.06±0.44**# | 16.87±0.76* | 10.34±0.63**+ | 6.86±0.43**+ | 6.16±0.42# | 11.13±0.72 | |
| 12 | 111 | 17.60±0.69+ | 13.84±0.87+ | 13.00±0.69*+ | 11.65±0.71* | 10.24±0.48**# | 17.14±0.78 | 10.62±0.67# | 7.09±0.43 | 6.17±0.38+ | 11.19±0.83 | |
| 13 | 99 | 17.73±0.62+ | 13.88±0.81# | 13.22±0.75** | 11.91±0.82 | 10.56±0.63 | 17.18±0.84 | 10.73±0.49 | 7.14±0.39 | 6.25±0.39+ | 11.27±0.71 | |
| 14 | 89 | 17.76±0.69+ | 13.97±0.85+ | 13.65±0.57# | 12.02±0.64 | 10.72±0.53 | 17.40±1.07# | 10.80±0.48+ | 7.07±0.40+ | 6.32±0.37+ | 11.39±0.92 | |
| 15 | 80 | 17.84±0.55+ | 14.05±0.65+ | 13.70±0.62+ | 12.17±0.69 | 10.78±0.51 | 17.47±0.63+ | 10.81±0.60# | 7.12±0.46**+ | 6.40±0.41* | 11.42±0.80 | |
| 16 | 70 | 17.85±0.53+ | 14.07±0.65+ | 13.83±0.63+ | 12.18±0.55 | 10.86±0.54+ | 17.68±0.73+ | 10.97±0.68+ | 7.35±0.37 | 6.57±0.41 | 11.49±0.83 |
Tab.1 Measurement results of head and face of Miao students (cm)
| 性别Gender | 年龄age | 例数(n) | 头长Head length | 头宽Head breadth | 面宽Face breadth | 额最小宽Minimum breadth of forehead | 下颌角间宽bigonial breadth | 容貌面高I Physiognomic facial height | 形态面高Morphological surface height | 容貌上面高Physiognomic upper facial height | 形态上面高Morphological upper surface height | 头耳高Head and ear height |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 男M | 6 | 49 | 17.40±0.45 | 13.71±0.88 | 12.40±0.42* | 11.09±0.60 | 9.61±0.49 | 15.84±0.52 | 9.73±0.55* | 6.40±0.27** | 5.72±0.33* | 10.79±0.46 |
| 7 | 71 | 17.43±0.83 | 13.80±0.75 | 12.60±0.61 | 11.25±0.51 | 9.62±0.61 | 16.02±0.74 | 9.91±0.58 | 6.62±0.44 | 5.87±0.45 | 10.81±0.77 | |
| 8 | 97 | 17.56±0.61* | 14.02±0.63 | 12.42±0.85 | 11.26±0.57 | 9.73±0.53** | 16.08±0.80* | 9.94±0.56** | 6.70±0.51** | 5.92±0.48** | 10.90±0.71 | |
| 9 | 82 | 17.75±0.61 | 14.06±0.78 | 12.59±0.94 | 11.28±0.60 | 10.07±0.44 | 16.37±0.78 | 10.04±0.58* | 6.96±0.47 | 6.21±0.47 | 11.08±0.63 | |
| 10 | 82 | 17.81±0.79 | 14.11±0.54 | 12.78±0.71** | 11.33±0.62* | 10.10±0.44 | 16.59±0.80* | 10.47±0.63 | 7.00±0.49 | 6.26±0.47 | 11.13±0.65 | |
| 11 | 98 | 17.92±0.66 | 14.13±0.63 | 13.08±0.64* | 11.54±0.69 | 10.22±0.49* | 16.84±0.76** | 10.57±0.60* | 7.03±0.47* | 6.32±0.49 | 11.14±0.73 | |
| 12 | 120 | 17.96±0.70 | 14.14±0.60 | 13.25±0.60 | 11.62±0.60* | 10.39±0.52* | 17.22±0.89 | 10.74±0.64 | 7.18±0.45 | 6.37±0.46* | 11.17±0.72 | |
| 13 | 97 | 18.04±0.73 | 14.16±0.70* | 13.41±0.68** | 11.81±0.73** | 10.54±0.47** | 17.36±0.80** | 10.74±0.65** | 7.13±0.44** | 6.49±0.43 | 11.20±0.67 | |
| 14 | 77 | 18.21±0.69* | 14.39±0.64 | 13.86±0.61 | 12.11±0.64 | 10.84±0.54 | 17.74±0.82 | 11.15±0.66 | 7.35±0.47 | 6.52±0.43 | 11.22±0.84 | |
| 15 | 83 | 18.45±0.68 | 14.42±0.60 | 13.94±0.54* | 12.13±0.60 | 10.91±0.49** | 17.88±0.84 | 10.94±0.53* | 7.46±0.44 | 6.48±0.42* | 11.33±0.78 | |
| 16 | 63 | 18.46±0.66 | 14.48±0.80 | 14.19±0.59 | 12.15±0.66 | 11.17±0.48 | 18.09±0.95 | 11.32±0.54 | 7.48±0.40 | 6.62±0.38 | 11.58±0.79 | |
| 女F | 6 | 47 | 16.83±0.54*+ | 13.41±0.86 | 12.15±0.51# | 10.84±0.68** | 9.26±0.45+ | 15.67±0.58 | 9.57±0.52# | 6.24±0.32**+ | 5.59±0.31*# | 10.07±0.93+ |
| 7 | 69 | 17.11±0.69# | 13.58±0.77 | 12.32±0.66# | 11.19±0.63 | 9.36±0.51**+ | 15.76±0.80*# | 9.58±0.50**+ | 6.55±0.51 | 5.78±0.53 | 10.27±0.86+ | |
| 8 | 72 | 17.25±0.57+ | 13.59±0.82+ | 12.31±0.84* | 11.22±0.60 | 9.62±0.60* | 16.03±0.85* | 9.86±0.53 | 6.58±0.40 | 5.83±0.38* | 10.41±0.90*+ | |
| 9 | 93 | 17.27±0.57+ | 13.64±0.64+ | 12.54±0.55 | 11.21±0.65 | 9.81±0.53+ | 16.32±0.65** | 9.95±0.51* | 6.70±0.49*+ | 5.98±0.52*+ | 10.74±0.78*+ | |
| 10 | 132 | 17.28±0.67+ | 13.77±0.60+ | 12.67±0.74 | 11.24±0.58 | 9.91±0.48*+ | 16.63±0.86* | 10.16±0.59*+ | 6.86±0.45# | 6.11±0.44# | 10.96±0.78 | |
| 11 | 115 | 17.40±0.68*+ | 13.82±0.70+ | 12.69±0.80**+ | 11.31±0.62**# | 10.06±0.44**# | 16.87±0.76* | 10.34±0.63**+ | 6.86±0.43**+ | 6.16±0.42# | 11.13±0.72 | |
| 12 | 111 | 17.60±0.69+ | 13.84±0.87+ | 13.00±0.69*+ | 11.65±0.71* | 10.24±0.48**# | 17.14±0.78 | 10.62±0.67# | 7.09±0.43 | 6.17±0.38+ | 11.19±0.83 | |
| 13 | 99 | 17.73±0.62+ | 13.88±0.81# | 13.22±0.75** | 11.91±0.82 | 10.56±0.63 | 17.18±0.84 | 10.73±0.49 | 7.14±0.39 | 6.25±0.39+ | 11.27±0.71 | |
| 14 | 89 | 17.76±0.69+ | 13.97±0.85+ | 13.65±0.57# | 12.02±0.64 | 10.72±0.53 | 17.40±1.07# | 10.80±0.48+ | 7.07±0.40+ | 6.32±0.37+ | 11.39±0.92 | |
| 15 | 80 | 17.84±0.55+ | 14.05±0.65+ | 13.70±0.62+ | 12.17±0.69 | 10.78±0.51 | 17.47±0.63+ | 10.81±0.60# | 7.12±0.46**+ | 6.40±0.41* | 11.42±0.80 | |
| 16 | 70 | 17.85±0.53+ | 14.07±0.65+ | 13.83±0.63+ | 12.18±0.55 | 10.86±0.54+ | 17.68±0.73+ | 10.97±0.68+ | 7.35±0.37 | 6.57±0.41 | 11.49±0.83 |
| 性别Gender | 年龄age (a) | 头长宽指数Length-breadth index of head (bh/lh) | 头长高指数Length-Height index of head (ha/lh) | 头宽高指数Breadth-Height index of head (ha/bh) | 额顶宽指数 Transverse Frontoparietal index (bfm/bh) | 头面宽指数 Head - Face breadth index (bf/bh) | 形态面指数Morphological index (hmf/bf) | 形态上面指数Morphological upper facial index (hmf/bf) | 容貌面指数 physiognomic facial index (hpf/bf) | 颧下颌宽度指数Zygomatic mandibular index (bb/bf) | 颧额宽指数Zygomatic frontal breadth index (bfm /bf) | 容貌上面指数Physiognomic upper facial height index (hpuf /bf) | 容貌上面高指数Physiognomic upper facial height index (hph /hhe) | 头面高指数Vertical cephalo facial index (hmf /ha) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 6 | 78.79±5.25 | 62.05±3.16 | 79.07±6.26 | 81.11±5.23 | 90.80±6.18 | 78.52±2.99 | 46.17±2.96 | 127.91±6.10 | 77.51±3.59 | 89.47±4.53 | 51.69±2.56 | 40.49±2.57 | 90.34±5.69 |
| 7 | 79.37±5.61 | 62.09±4.55 | 78.46±6.30 | 81.72±5.31 | 91.57±6.39 | 78.72±4.41 | 46.68±3.96 | 127.29±6.70 | 76.47±5.39 | 89.41±4.78 | 52.61±4.32 | 41.33±2.47 | 92.25±9.52 | |
| 8 | 79.89±4.30 | 62.13±4.67 | 77.91±6.12 | 80.45±4.92 | 88.80±7.38 | 80.38±7.09 | 47.91±5.32 | 130.15±11.20 | 78.74±7.60 | 91.15±8.77 | 54.28±6.25 | 41.70±2.83 | 91.62±8.61 | |
| 9 | 79.33±5.24 | 62.54±4.33 | 79.06±6.51 | 80.43±6.22 | 89.84±8.53 | 81.81±8.12 | 49.65±5.99 | 130.78±12.20 | 80.40±6.60 | 90.00±7.53 | 55.65±6.16 | 42.57±2.95 | 92.68±7.35 | |
| 10 | 79.36±4.36 | 62.55±4.24 | 78.94±5.42 | 80.37±4.36 | 90.74±5.03 | 82.03±5.69 | 49.03±4.25 | 129.98±7.88 | 79.05±3.92 | 88.68±4.10 | 54.87±4.47 | 42.29±3.41 | 94.43±7.43 | |
| 11 | 78.97±4.49 | 62.24±4.27 | 79.00±6.26 | 81.73±4.49 | 92.70±5.14 | 80.97±5.74 | 48.38±4.28 | 128.98±7.58 | 78.21±3.94 | 88.31±5.12 | 53.90±4.58 | 41.80±2.59 | 95.21±7.29 | |
| 12 | 78.83±4.28 | 62.28±4.70 | 79.13±6.05 | 82.25±4.23 | 93.79±4.01 | 81.17±4.81 | 48.13±3.99 | 130.11±7.45 | 78.48±3.98 | 87.74±3.77 | 54.30±4.06 | 41.76±2.45 | 96.52±7.74 | |
| 13 | 78.59±4.53 | 62.21±4.46 | 79.30±5.95 | 83.50±4.48 | 94.88±5.30 | 80.25±5.53 | 48.54±4.11 | 129.65±7.71 | 78.74±4.55 | 88.22±6.35 | 53.29±4.08 | 41.12±2.29 | 96.21±7.65 | |
| 14 | 79.13±4.08 | 61.65±4.65 | 78.04±6.30 | 84.25±4.31 | 96.41±4.56 | 80.14±4.40 | 47.05±2.97 | 128.15±6.13 | 78.26±3.50 | 87.46±4.04 | 53.12±3.57 | 41.46±2.20 | 99.42±8.52 | |
| 15 | 78.25±3.75 | 61.50±4.49 | 78.68±5.79 | 84.16±4.22 | 96.76±3.79 | 79.90±3.88 | 46.53±3.59 | 128.38±6.42 | 78.30±3.47 | 87.00±3.39 | 53.53±3.20 | 41.74±2.36 | 98.63±7.83 | |
| 16 | 78.54±5.36 | 62.78±4.50 | 80.21±7.03 | 84.04±4.45 | 98.25±5.67 | 79.90±4.97 | 46.73±3.18 | 127.64±7.76 | 78.81±3.54 | 85.68±4.62 | 52.77±3.29 | 41.41±2.33 | 98.09±6.44 | |
| Female | 6 | 79.74±5.34 | 59.79±4.74** | 75.24±7.06** | 80.95±4.60 | 90.83±5.28 | 78.86±4.77 | 46.05±3.08 | 129.07±3.20 | 76.31±3.41 | 89.26±4.68 | 51.42±3.12 | 39.85±2.30 | 95.82±10.28** |
| 7 | 79.49±5.02 | 60.10±5.58* | 75.81±7.59* | 82.62±6.47 | 90.98±6.51 | 77.92±5.51 | 47.00±4.75 | 128.10±7.71 | 76.18±5.72 | 90.95±5.64 | 53.25±4.80 | 41.57±2.90 | 93.81±7.76 | |
| 8 | 78.79±4.92 | 60.40±5.41* | 76.91±7.97 | 82.79±5.62** | 90.97±8.63 | 80.39±6.28 | 47.54±4.35 | 130.73±9.48 | 78.52±7.87 | 91.67±9.65 | 53.73±5.01 | 41.12±2.73 | 95.33±9.43* | |
| 9 | 79.03±4.20 | 62.24±5.01 | 78.90±6.80 | 82.33±5.19* | 92.04±4.45* | 79.91±4.67 | 47.79±4.63* | 130.33±6.38 | 78.26±3.73* | 89.49±4.46 | 53.56±4.43* | 41.09±2.70** | 93.59±7.58 | |
| 10 | 79.78±4.57 | 63.51±4.91 | 79.76±6.49 | 81.72±4.62* | 92.18±6.49 | 80.58±6.19 | 48.45±4.70 | 131.74±9.89 | 78.50±5.33 | 88.98±6.86 | 54.37±4.80 | 41.31±2.68* | 93.20±7.56 | |
| 11 | 79.51±4.56 | 64.09±4.77** | 80.74±6.06* | 81.98±5.08 | 92.13±7.57 | 81.79±6.70 | 48.74±4.94 | 133.42±10.84** | 79.51±5.39* | 89.40±7.07 | 54.31±5.28 | 40.73±2.47** | 93.26±7.56 | |
| 12 | 78.67±4.52 | 63.63±4.62* | 81.13±7.44* | 84.41±5.51** | 94.25±6.94 | 82.06±5.68 | 47.57±3.80 | 132.08±7.65* | 78.95±4.85 | 89.80±5.86** | 54.72±4.32 | 41.43±2.20 | 95.58±8.38 | |
| 13 | 78.32±4.54 | 63.59±3.98* | 81.43±6.49* | 85.89±5.46** | 95.44±7.26 | 81.47±5.63 | 47.47±3.78 | 130.40±8.35 | 80.11±5.66 | 90.29±6.44* | 54.24±4.13 | 41.65±2.67 | 95.50±6.70 | |
| 14 | 78.74±4.88 | 64.25±5.88** | 81.73±7.40** | 86.29±6.31* | 97.91±5.72 | 79.27±4.73 | 46.36±3.04 | 127.67±8.32 | 78.59±3.47 | 88.15±4.59 | 51.90±3.38* | 40.75±2.85 | 95.53±10.44* | |
| 15 | 78.80±4.37 | 64.05±4.47** | 81.44±6.16** | 86.75±5.62** | 97.64±5.28 | 79.01±5.10 | 46.78±3.29 | 127.81±6.95 | 78.82±3.61 | 88.93±4.93** | 52.05±3.69** | 40.75±2.42** | 94.96±7.68** | |
| 16 | 78.85±3.97 | 64.35±4.31* | 81.79±6.69 | 86.68±4.38** | 98.44±5.03 | 79.38±5.53 | 47.56±3.23 | 127.97±5.37 | 78.60±3.38 | 88.25±6.00** | 53.21±3.09 | 41.61±2.27 | 95.91±8.87 |
Tab.2 Index values of head and face of Miao male and female students aged 6-16
| 性别Gender | 年龄age (a) | 头长宽指数Length-breadth index of head (bh/lh) | 头长高指数Length-Height index of head (ha/lh) | 头宽高指数Breadth-Height index of head (ha/bh) | 额顶宽指数 Transverse Frontoparietal index (bfm/bh) | 头面宽指数 Head - Face breadth index (bf/bh) | 形态面指数Morphological index (hmf/bf) | 形态上面指数Morphological upper facial index (hmf/bf) | 容貌面指数 physiognomic facial index (hpf/bf) | 颧下颌宽度指数Zygomatic mandibular index (bb/bf) | 颧额宽指数Zygomatic frontal breadth index (bfm /bf) | 容貌上面指数Physiognomic upper facial height index (hpuf /bf) | 容貌上面高指数Physiognomic upper facial height index (hph /hhe) | 头面高指数Vertical cephalo facial index (hmf /ha) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 6 | 78.79±5.25 | 62.05±3.16 | 79.07±6.26 | 81.11±5.23 | 90.80±6.18 | 78.52±2.99 | 46.17±2.96 | 127.91±6.10 | 77.51±3.59 | 89.47±4.53 | 51.69±2.56 | 40.49±2.57 | 90.34±5.69 |
| 7 | 79.37±5.61 | 62.09±4.55 | 78.46±6.30 | 81.72±5.31 | 91.57±6.39 | 78.72±4.41 | 46.68±3.96 | 127.29±6.70 | 76.47±5.39 | 89.41±4.78 | 52.61±4.32 | 41.33±2.47 | 92.25±9.52 | |
| 8 | 79.89±4.30 | 62.13±4.67 | 77.91±6.12 | 80.45±4.92 | 88.80±7.38 | 80.38±7.09 | 47.91±5.32 | 130.15±11.20 | 78.74±7.60 | 91.15±8.77 | 54.28±6.25 | 41.70±2.83 | 91.62±8.61 | |
| 9 | 79.33±5.24 | 62.54±4.33 | 79.06±6.51 | 80.43±6.22 | 89.84±8.53 | 81.81±8.12 | 49.65±5.99 | 130.78±12.20 | 80.40±6.60 | 90.00±7.53 | 55.65±6.16 | 42.57±2.95 | 92.68±7.35 | |
| 10 | 79.36±4.36 | 62.55±4.24 | 78.94±5.42 | 80.37±4.36 | 90.74±5.03 | 82.03±5.69 | 49.03±4.25 | 129.98±7.88 | 79.05±3.92 | 88.68±4.10 | 54.87±4.47 | 42.29±3.41 | 94.43±7.43 | |
| 11 | 78.97±4.49 | 62.24±4.27 | 79.00±6.26 | 81.73±4.49 | 92.70±5.14 | 80.97±5.74 | 48.38±4.28 | 128.98±7.58 | 78.21±3.94 | 88.31±5.12 | 53.90±4.58 | 41.80±2.59 | 95.21±7.29 | |
| 12 | 78.83±4.28 | 62.28±4.70 | 79.13±6.05 | 82.25±4.23 | 93.79±4.01 | 81.17±4.81 | 48.13±3.99 | 130.11±7.45 | 78.48±3.98 | 87.74±3.77 | 54.30±4.06 | 41.76±2.45 | 96.52±7.74 | |
| 13 | 78.59±4.53 | 62.21±4.46 | 79.30±5.95 | 83.50±4.48 | 94.88±5.30 | 80.25±5.53 | 48.54±4.11 | 129.65±7.71 | 78.74±4.55 | 88.22±6.35 | 53.29±4.08 | 41.12±2.29 | 96.21±7.65 | |
| 14 | 79.13±4.08 | 61.65±4.65 | 78.04±6.30 | 84.25±4.31 | 96.41±4.56 | 80.14±4.40 | 47.05±2.97 | 128.15±6.13 | 78.26±3.50 | 87.46±4.04 | 53.12±3.57 | 41.46±2.20 | 99.42±8.52 | |
| 15 | 78.25±3.75 | 61.50±4.49 | 78.68±5.79 | 84.16±4.22 | 96.76±3.79 | 79.90±3.88 | 46.53±3.59 | 128.38±6.42 | 78.30±3.47 | 87.00±3.39 | 53.53±3.20 | 41.74±2.36 | 98.63±7.83 | |
| 16 | 78.54±5.36 | 62.78±4.50 | 80.21±7.03 | 84.04±4.45 | 98.25±5.67 | 79.90±4.97 | 46.73±3.18 | 127.64±7.76 | 78.81±3.54 | 85.68±4.62 | 52.77±3.29 | 41.41±2.33 | 98.09±6.44 | |
| Female | 6 | 79.74±5.34 | 59.79±4.74** | 75.24±7.06** | 80.95±4.60 | 90.83±5.28 | 78.86±4.77 | 46.05±3.08 | 129.07±3.20 | 76.31±3.41 | 89.26±4.68 | 51.42±3.12 | 39.85±2.30 | 95.82±10.28** |
| 7 | 79.49±5.02 | 60.10±5.58* | 75.81±7.59* | 82.62±6.47 | 90.98±6.51 | 77.92±5.51 | 47.00±4.75 | 128.10±7.71 | 76.18±5.72 | 90.95±5.64 | 53.25±4.80 | 41.57±2.90 | 93.81±7.76 | |
| 8 | 78.79±4.92 | 60.40±5.41* | 76.91±7.97 | 82.79±5.62** | 90.97±8.63 | 80.39±6.28 | 47.54±4.35 | 130.73±9.48 | 78.52±7.87 | 91.67±9.65 | 53.73±5.01 | 41.12±2.73 | 95.33±9.43* | |
| 9 | 79.03±4.20 | 62.24±5.01 | 78.90±6.80 | 82.33±5.19* | 92.04±4.45* | 79.91±4.67 | 47.79±4.63* | 130.33±6.38 | 78.26±3.73* | 89.49±4.46 | 53.56±4.43* | 41.09±2.70** | 93.59±7.58 | |
| 10 | 79.78±4.57 | 63.51±4.91 | 79.76±6.49 | 81.72±4.62* | 92.18±6.49 | 80.58±6.19 | 48.45±4.70 | 131.74±9.89 | 78.50±5.33 | 88.98±6.86 | 54.37±4.80 | 41.31±2.68* | 93.20±7.56 | |
| 11 | 79.51±4.56 | 64.09±4.77** | 80.74±6.06* | 81.98±5.08 | 92.13±7.57 | 81.79±6.70 | 48.74±4.94 | 133.42±10.84** | 79.51±5.39* | 89.40±7.07 | 54.31±5.28 | 40.73±2.47** | 93.26±7.56 | |
| 12 | 78.67±4.52 | 63.63±4.62* | 81.13±7.44* | 84.41±5.51** | 94.25±6.94 | 82.06±5.68 | 47.57±3.80 | 132.08±7.65* | 78.95±4.85 | 89.80±5.86** | 54.72±4.32 | 41.43±2.20 | 95.58±8.38 | |
| 13 | 78.32±4.54 | 63.59±3.98* | 81.43±6.49* | 85.89±5.46** | 95.44±7.26 | 81.47±5.63 | 47.47±3.78 | 130.40±8.35 | 80.11±5.66 | 90.29±6.44* | 54.24±4.13 | 41.65±2.67 | 95.50±6.70 | |
| 14 | 78.74±4.88 | 64.25±5.88** | 81.73±7.40** | 86.29±6.31* | 97.91±5.72 | 79.27±4.73 | 46.36±3.04 | 127.67±8.32 | 78.59±3.47 | 88.15±4.59 | 51.90±3.38* | 40.75±2.85 | 95.53±10.44* | |
| 15 | 78.80±4.37 | 64.05±4.47** | 81.44±6.16** | 86.75±5.62** | 97.64±5.28 | 79.01±5.10 | 46.78±3.29 | 127.81±6.95 | 78.82±3.61 | 88.93±4.93** | 52.05±3.69** | 40.75±2.42** | 94.96±7.68** | |
| 16 | 78.85±3.97 | 64.35±4.31* | 81.79±6.69 | 86.68±4.38** | 98.44±5.03 | 79.38±5.53 | 47.56±3.23 | 127.97±5.37 | 78.60±3.38 | 88.25±6.00** | 53.21±3.09 | 41.61±2.27 | 95.91±8.87 |
| 指数 index | 类型type | 6 a | 7 a | 8 a | 9 a | 10 a | 11 a | 12 a | 13 a | 14 a | 15 a | 16 a | 总体 total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 头长宽指数 Length-breadth index of head | 特长hyperdolichocephaly (X~70.9) | 6.1% | 5.6% | 1.0% | 1.2% | 3.7% | 1.0% | 0.8% | 3.1% | 2.6% | 7.9% | 2.6% | |
| 长 dolichocephaly (71.0~75.9) | 20.4% | 25.4% | 13.4% | 25.6% | 17.1% | 20.4% | 28.3% | 24.7% | 18.2% | 28.9% | 20.6% | 22.3% | |
| 中 mesocephaly (76.0~80.9) | 32.7% | 29.6% | 49.5% | 43.9% | 47.6% | 51.0% | 36.7% | 42.3% | 50.6% | 49.4% | 42.9% | 43.7% | |
| 圆brachycephaly(81.0~85.4) | 30.6% | 25.4% | 28.9% | 13.4% | 22.0% | 18.4% | 25.0% | 23.7% | 18.2% | 18.1% | 17.5% | 21.9% | |
| 特圆hyperbrachycephaly (85.5~90.9) | 10.2% | 11.3% | 6.2% | 12.2% | 8.5% | 7.1% | 9.2% | 4.1% | 10.4% | 3.6% | 11.1% | 8.3% | |
| 超圆头型ultrabrachycephaly (91.0~X) | 2.8% | 1.0% | 3.7% | 1.2% | 2.0% | 2.1% | 1.2% | ||||||
| 头长高指数Length-height index of head | 低chamaecephalic (X~57.6) | 10.2% | 14.1% | 18.6% | 14.6% | 12.2% | 13.3% | 17.5% | 18.6% | 20.8% | 14.5% | 9.5% | 15.3% |
| 正orthocephalic (57.7~62.5) | 46.9% | 45.1% | 35.1% | 30.5% | 47.6% | 36.7% | 34.2% | 36.1% | 37.7% | 47.0% | 46.0% | 39.4% | |
| 高hypsicephalic (62.6~X) | 42.9% | 40.8% | 46.4% | 54.9% | 40.2% | 50.0% | 48.3% | 45.4% | 41.6% | 38.6% | 44.4% | 45.3% | |
| 头宽高指数Breadth-height index of head | 阔tapeinocephalic (X~78.9) | 49.0% | 52.1% | 61.9% | 54.9% | 52.4% | 50.0% | 50.0% | 45.4% | 51.9% | 50.6% | 55.6% | 52.1% |
| 中metriocephalic (79.0~84.9) | 38.8% | 36.6% | 26.8% | 24.4% | 34.1% | 32.7% | 31.7% | 37.1% | 29.9% | 36.1% | 22.2% | 31.8% | |
| 狭acrocephalic (85.0~X) | 12.2% | 11.3% | 11.3% | 20.7% | 13.4% | 17.3% | 18.3% | 17.5% | 18.2% | 13.3% | 22.2% | 16.1% | |
| 形态面指数Morphological index | 超阔hypereuryprosopy (X~78.9) | 51.0% | 50.7% | 46.4% | 43.9% | 35.4% | 33.7% | 30.8% | 42.3% | 44.2% | 43.4% | 42.9% | 41.2% |
| 阔euryprosopy (79.0~83.9) | 49.0% | 39.4% | 38.1% | 25.6% | 28.0% | 46.9% | 45.0% | 35.1% | 35.1% | 36.1% | 33.3% | 37.5% | |
| 中mesoprosopy (84.0~87.9) | 8.5% | 6.2% | 13.4% | 19.5% | 11.2% | 15.0% | 17.5% | 18.2% | 19.3% | 17.5% | 13.7% | ||
| 狭leptoprosopy (88.0~92.9) | 1.4% | 5.2% | 7.3% | 14.6% | 5.1% | 8.3% | 4.1% | 1.3% | 1.2% | 6.3% | 5.3% | ||
| 超狭hyperleptoprosopy (93.0~X) | 4.1% | 9.8% | 2.4% | 3.1% | 0.8% | 1.0% | 1.3% | 2.2% | |||||
| 形态上面指数Morphological upper facial index | 超阔hypereuryen (X~42.9) | 12.2% | 12.7% | 9.3% | 7.3% | 8.5% | 10.2% | 10.0% | 7.2% | 5.2% | 15.7% | 14.3% | 10.0% |
| 阔euryen (43.0~47.9) | 65.3% | 53.5% | 53.6% | 37.8% | 30.5% | 37.8% | 40.0% | 30.9% | 59.7% | 53.0% | 47.6% | 44.9% | |
| 中mesen (48.0~52.9) | 20.4% | 25.4% | 23.7% | 28.0% | 42.7% | 36.7% | 40.0% | 52.6% | 31.2% | 26.5% | 36.5% | 34.1% | |
| 狭lepten (53.0~56.9) | 2.0% | 4.2% | 7.2% | 12.2% | 15.9% | 14.3% | 8.3% | 7.2% | 3.9% | 4.8% | 1.6% | 7.9% | |
| 超狭hyperlepten (57.0~X) | 4.2% | 6.2% | 14.6% | 2.4% | 1.0% | 1.7% | 2.1% | 3.0% |
Tab.3 Classification of index of head and face of Miao male students in different age groups
| 指数 index | 类型type | 6 a | 7 a | 8 a | 9 a | 10 a | 11 a | 12 a | 13 a | 14 a | 15 a | 16 a | 总体 total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 头长宽指数 Length-breadth index of head | 特长hyperdolichocephaly (X~70.9) | 6.1% | 5.6% | 1.0% | 1.2% | 3.7% | 1.0% | 0.8% | 3.1% | 2.6% | 7.9% | 2.6% | |
| 长 dolichocephaly (71.0~75.9) | 20.4% | 25.4% | 13.4% | 25.6% | 17.1% | 20.4% | 28.3% | 24.7% | 18.2% | 28.9% | 20.6% | 22.3% | |
| 中 mesocephaly (76.0~80.9) | 32.7% | 29.6% | 49.5% | 43.9% | 47.6% | 51.0% | 36.7% | 42.3% | 50.6% | 49.4% | 42.9% | 43.7% | |
| 圆brachycephaly(81.0~85.4) | 30.6% | 25.4% | 28.9% | 13.4% | 22.0% | 18.4% | 25.0% | 23.7% | 18.2% | 18.1% | 17.5% | 21.9% | |
| 特圆hyperbrachycephaly (85.5~90.9) | 10.2% | 11.3% | 6.2% | 12.2% | 8.5% | 7.1% | 9.2% | 4.1% | 10.4% | 3.6% | 11.1% | 8.3% | |
| 超圆头型ultrabrachycephaly (91.0~X) | 2.8% | 1.0% | 3.7% | 1.2% | 2.0% | 2.1% | 1.2% | ||||||
| 头长高指数Length-height index of head | 低chamaecephalic (X~57.6) | 10.2% | 14.1% | 18.6% | 14.6% | 12.2% | 13.3% | 17.5% | 18.6% | 20.8% | 14.5% | 9.5% | 15.3% |
| 正orthocephalic (57.7~62.5) | 46.9% | 45.1% | 35.1% | 30.5% | 47.6% | 36.7% | 34.2% | 36.1% | 37.7% | 47.0% | 46.0% | 39.4% | |
| 高hypsicephalic (62.6~X) | 42.9% | 40.8% | 46.4% | 54.9% | 40.2% | 50.0% | 48.3% | 45.4% | 41.6% | 38.6% | 44.4% | 45.3% | |
| 头宽高指数Breadth-height index of head | 阔tapeinocephalic (X~78.9) | 49.0% | 52.1% | 61.9% | 54.9% | 52.4% | 50.0% | 50.0% | 45.4% | 51.9% | 50.6% | 55.6% | 52.1% |
| 中metriocephalic (79.0~84.9) | 38.8% | 36.6% | 26.8% | 24.4% | 34.1% | 32.7% | 31.7% | 37.1% | 29.9% | 36.1% | 22.2% | 31.8% | |
| 狭acrocephalic (85.0~X) | 12.2% | 11.3% | 11.3% | 20.7% | 13.4% | 17.3% | 18.3% | 17.5% | 18.2% | 13.3% | 22.2% | 16.1% | |
| 形态面指数Morphological index | 超阔hypereuryprosopy (X~78.9) | 51.0% | 50.7% | 46.4% | 43.9% | 35.4% | 33.7% | 30.8% | 42.3% | 44.2% | 43.4% | 42.9% | 41.2% |
| 阔euryprosopy (79.0~83.9) | 49.0% | 39.4% | 38.1% | 25.6% | 28.0% | 46.9% | 45.0% | 35.1% | 35.1% | 36.1% | 33.3% | 37.5% | |
| 中mesoprosopy (84.0~87.9) | 8.5% | 6.2% | 13.4% | 19.5% | 11.2% | 15.0% | 17.5% | 18.2% | 19.3% | 17.5% | 13.7% | ||
| 狭leptoprosopy (88.0~92.9) | 1.4% | 5.2% | 7.3% | 14.6% | 5.1% | 8.3% | 4.1% | 1.3% | 1.2% | 6.3% | 5.3% | ||
| 超狭hyperleptoprosopy (93.0~X) | 4.1% | 9.8% | 2.4% | 3.1% | 0.8% | 1.0% | 1.3% | 2.2% | |||||
| 形态上面指数Morphological upper facial index | 超阔hypereuryen (X~42.9) | 12.2% | 12.7% | 9.3% | 7.3% | 8.5% | 10.2% | 10.0% | 7.2% | 5.2% | 15.7% | 14.3% | 10.0% |
| 阔euryen (43.0~47.9) | 65.3% | 53.5% | 53.6% | 37.8% | 30.5% | 37.8% | 40.0% | 30.9% | 59.7% | 53.0% | 47.6% | 44.9% | |
| 中mesen (48.0~52.9) | 20.4% | 25.4% | 23.7% | 28.0% | 42.7% | 36.7% | 40.0% | 52.6% | 31.2% | 26.5% | 36.5% | 34.1% | |
| 狭lepten (53.0~56.9) | 2.0% | 4.2% | 7.2% | 12.2% | 15.9% | 14.3% | 8.3% | 7.2% | 3.9% | 4.8% | 1.6% | 7.9% | |
| 超狭hyperlepten (57.0~X) | 4.2% | 6.2% | 14.6% | 2.4% | 1.0% | 1.7% | 2.1% | 3.0% |
| 指数index | 类型type | 6 a | 7 a | 8 a | 9 a | 10 a | 11 a | 12 a | 13 a | 14 a | 15 a | 16 a | 总体total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 头长宽指数 Length-breadth index of head | 特长hyperdolichocephaly (X~70.9) | 2.9% | 6.9% | 3.2% | 0.8% | 1.7% | 4.5% | 2.0% | 1.1% | 2.1% | |||
| 长dolichocephaly (71.0~75.9) | 29.8% | 14.5% | 22.2% | 19.4% | 19.7% | 18.3% | 21.6% | 28.3% | 29.2% | 32.5% | 22.9% | 23.0 % | |
| 中mesocephaly (76.0~80.9) | 34.0% | 49.3% | 33.3% | 40.9% | 40.2% | 46.1% | 44.1% | 43.4% | 38.2% | 37.5% | 51.4% | 42.0% | |
| 圆brachycephaly (81.0~85.4) | 21.3% | 18.8% | 29.2% | 32.3% | 25.8% | 22.6% | 22.5% | 20.2% | 28.1% | 22.5% | 18.6% | 24.1% | |
| 特圆hyperbrachycephaly (85.5~90.9) | 14.9% | 11.6% | 8.3% | 4.3% | 12.1% | 9.6% | 7.2% | 5.1% | 1.1% | 7.5% | 7.1% | 7.9% | |
| 超圆ultrabrachycephaly (91.0~X) | 2.9% | 1.5% | 1.7% | 1.0% | 2.2% | 0.9% | |||||||
| 头长高指数Length-height index of head | 低chamaecephalic (X~57.6) | 40.4% | 33.3% | 33.3% | 17.2% | 7.6% | 7.8% | 12.6% | 5.1% | 11.2% | 7.5% | 8.6% | 14.5% |
| 正orthocephalic (57.7~62.5) | 31.9% | 29.0% | 30.6% | 36.6% | 39.4% | 32.2% | 26.1% | 38.4% | 27.0% | 33.8% | 27.1% | 32.4% | |
| 高hypsicephalic (62.6~X) | 27.7% | 37.7% | 36.1% | 46.2% | 53.0% | 60.0% | 61.3% | 56.6% | 61.8% | 58.8% | 64.3% | 53.0% | |
| 头宽高指数 Breadth-Height index of head | 阔tapeinocephalic (X~78.9) | 70.2% | 65.2% | 55.6% | 54.8% | 50.8% | 44.3% | 43.2% | 38.4% | 34.8% | 32.5% | 35.7% | 46.6% |
| 中metriocephalic (79.0~84.9) | 17.0% | 20.3% | 29.2% | 28.0% | 26.5% | 31.3% | 25.2% | 29.3% | 31.5% | 37.5% | 34.3% | 28.6% | |
| 狭acrocephalic (85.0~X) | 12.8% | 14.5% | 15.3% | 17.2% | 22.7% | 24.3% | 31.5% | 32.3% | 33.7% | 30.0% | 30.0% | 24.9% | |
| 形态面指数Morphological index | 超阔hypereuryprosopy (X~76.9) | 38.3% | 39.1% | 26.4% | 30.1% | 25.8% | 21.7% | 17.1% | 22.2% | 33.7% | 35.0% | 32.9% | 27.9% |
| 阔euryprosopy (77.0~80.9) | 29.8% | 37.7% | 36.1% | 30.1% | 37.1% | 31.3% | 25.2% | 27.3% | 34.8% | 37.5% | 35.7% | 32.8% | |
| 中mesoprosopy (81.0~84.9) | 21.3% | 11.6% | 18.1% | 24.7% | 15.9% | 28.7% | 31.5% | 30.3% | 15.7% | 15.0% | 17.1% | 21.6% | |
| 狭leptoprosopy (85.0~89.9) | 6.4% | 8.7% | 12.5% | 14.0% | 10.6% | 12.2% | 18.9% | 14.1% | 14.6% | 7.5% | 10.0% | 12.3% | |
| 超狭hyperleptoprosopy (90.0~X) | 4.3% | 2.9% | 6.9% | 1.1% | 10.6% | 6.1% | 7.2% | 6.1% | 1.1% | 5.0% | 4.3% | 5.4% | |
| 形态上面指数Morphological upper facial index | 超阔hypereuryen (X~42.9) | 17.0% | 17.4% | 12.5% | 18.3% | 7.6% | 7.0% | 8.1% | 8.1% | 11.2% | 11.3% | 4.3% | 10.5% |
| 阔euryen (43.0~47.9) | 59.6% | 39.1% | 43.1% | 30.1% | 44.7% | 41.7% | 50.5% | 54.5% | 60.7% | 51.3% | 58.6% | 47.8% | |
| 中mesen (48.0~52.9) | 23.4% | 31.9% | 36.1% | 35.5% | 34.8% | 40.0% | 35.1% | 27.3% | 24.7% | 32.5% | 31.4% | 32.8% | |
| 狭lepten (53.0~56.9) | 11.6% | 6.9% | 14.0% | 9.8% | 6.1% | 5.4% | 9.1% | 3.4% | 5.0% | 4.3% | 7.3% | ||
| 超狭hyperlepten (57.0~X) | 1.4% | 2.2% | 3.0% | 5.2% | 0.9% | 1.0% | 1.4% | 1.6% |
Tab.4 Classification of index of head and face of Miao female students in different age groups
| 指数index | 类型type | 6 a | 7 a | 8 a | 9 a | 10 a | 11 a | 12 a | 13 a | 14 a | 15 a | 16 a | 总体total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 头长宽指数 Length-breadth index of head | 特长hyperdolichocephaly (X~70.9) | 2.9% | 6.9% | 3.2% | 0.8% | 1.7% | 4.5% | 2.0% | 1.1% | 2.1% | |||
| 长dolichocephaly (71.0~75.9) | 29.8% | 14.5% | 22.2% | 19.4% | 19.7% | 18.3% | 21.6% | 28.3% | 29.2% | 32.5% | 22.9% | 23.0 % | |
| 中mesocephaly (76.0~80.9) | 34.0% | 49.3% | 33.3% | 40.9% | 40.2% | 46.1% | 44.1% | 43.4% | 38.2% | 37.5% | 51.4% | 42.0% | |
| 圆brachycephaly (81.0~85.4) | 21.3% | 18.8% | 29.2% | 32.3% | 25.8% | 22.6% | 22.5% | 20.2% | 28.1% | 22.5% | 18.6% | 24.1% | |
| 特圆hyperbrachycephaly (85.5~90.9) | 14.9% | 11.6% | 8.3% | 4.3% | 12.1% | 9.6% | 7.2% | 5.1% | 1.1% | 7.5% | 7.1% | 7.9% | |
| 超圆ultrabrachycephaly (91.0~X) | 2.9% | 1.5% | 1.7% | 1.0% | 2.2% | 0.9% | |||||||
| 头长高指数Length-height index of head | 低chamaecephalic (X~57.6) | 40.4% | 33.3% | 33.3% | 17.2% | 7.6% | 7.8% | 12.6% | 5.1% | 11.2% | 7.5% | 8.6% | 14.5% |
| 正orthocephalic (57.7~62.5) | 31.9% | 29.0% | 30.6% | 36.6% | 39.4% | 32.2% | 26.1% | 38.4% | 27.0% | 33.8% | 27.1% | 32.4% | |
| 高hypsicephalic (62.6~X) | 27.7% | 37.7% | 36.1% | 46.2% | 53.0% | 60.0% | 61.3% | 56.6% | 61.8% | 58.8% | 64.3% | 53.0% | |
| 头宽高指数 Breadth-Height index of head | 阔tapeinocephalic (X~78.9) | 70.2% | 65.2% | 55.6% | 54.8% | 50.8% | 44.3% | 43.2% | 38.4% | 34.8% | 32.5% | 35.7% | 46.6% |
| 中metriocephalic (79.0~84.9) | 17.0% | 20.3% | 29.2% | 28.0% | 26.5% | 31.3% | 25.2% | 29.3% | 31.5% | 37.5% | 34.3% | 28.6% | |
| 狭acrocephalic (85.0~X) | 12.8% | 14.5% | 15.3% | 17.2% | 22.7% | 24.3% | 31.5% | 32.3% | 33.7% | 30.0% | 30.0% | 24.9% | |
| 形态面指数Morphological index | 超阔hypereuryprosopy (X~76.9) | 38.3% | 39.1% | 26.4% | 30.1% | 25.8% | 21.7% | 17.1% | 22.2% | 33.7% | 35.0% | 32.9% | 27.9% |
| 阔euryprosopy (77.0~80.9) | 29.8% | 37.7% | 36.1% | 30.1% | 37.1% | 31.3% | 25.2% | 27.3% | 34.8% | 37.5% | 35.7% | 32.8% | |
| 中mesoprosopy (81.0~84.9) | 21.3% | 11.6% | 18.1% | 24.7% | 15.9% | 28.7% | 31.5% | 30.3% | 15.7% | 15.0% | 17.1% | 21.6% | |
| 狭leptoprosopy (85.0~89.9) | 6.4% | 8.7% | 12.5% | 14.0% | 10.6% | 12.2% | 18.9% | 14.1% | 14.6% | 7.5% | 10.0% | 12.3% | |
| 超狭hyperleptoprosopy (90.0~X) | 4.3% | 2.9% | 6.9% | 1.1% | 10.6% | 6.1% | 7.2% | 6.1% | 1.1% | 5.0% | 4.3% | 5.4% | |
| 形态上面指数Morphological upper facial index | 超阔hypereuryen (X~42.9) | 17.0% | 17.4% | 12.5% | 18.3% | 7.6% | 7.0% | 8.1% | 8.1% | 11.2% | 11.3% | 4.3% | 10.5% |
| 阔euryen (43.0~47.9) | 59.6% | 39.1% | 43.1% | 30.1% | 44.7% | 41.7% | 50.5% | 54.5% | 60.7% | 51.3% | 58.6% | 47.8% | |
| 中mesen (48.0~52.9) | 23.4% | 31.9% | 36.1% | 35.5% | 34.8% | 40.0% | 35.1% | 27.3% | 24.7% | 32.5% | 31.4% | 32.8% | |
| 狭lepten (53.0~56.9) | 11.6% | 6.9% | 14.0% | 9.8% | 6.1% | 5.4% | 9.1% | 3.4% | 5.0% | 4.3% | 7.3% | ||
| 超狭hyperlepten (57.0~X) | 1.4% | 2.2% | 3.0% | 5.2% | 0.9% | 1.0% | 1.4% | 1.6% |
| 年龄 age | 族群 ethnic group | 头长lh | 头宽bh | 面宽bf | 容貌面高Ⅰhpf | 形态面高hmf | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 男性 male | 女性 female | 男性 male | 女性 female | 男性 male | 女性 female | 男性 male | 女性 female | 男性 male | 女性 female | ||
| 7 a | 腊尔山苗族 Lar mountain Miao | 17.43 | 17.11 | 13.80 | 13.58 | 12.60 | 12.32 | 16.02 | 15.76 | 9.91 | 9.58 |
| 土家族 Tujia[ | 17.53 | 17.26 | 15.11 | 14.64 | 12.39 | 12.17 | 16.08 | 16.06 | 10.11 | 9.77 | |
| 侗族 Dong[ | 17.12 | 17.43 | 14.87 | 14.43 | 12.50 | 12.18 | 15.40 | 15.40 | 9.15 | 8.80 | |
| 玉林汉族 Yulin Han[ | 16.11 | 16.09 | 14.97 | 14.37 | 12.28 | 11.98 | 16.02 | 15.81 | 10.06 | 9.77 | |
| 融水苗族 Rongshui Miao[ | 16.47 | 16.26 | 14.68 | 14.30 | 12.49 | 12.33 | 15.63 | 15.55 | 10.01 | 10.00 | |
| 哈萨克族 Kazak[ | 16.64 | 16.48 | 15.31 | 14.76 | 12.81 | 12.36 | 16.82 | 16.66 | 10.33 | 10.09 | |
| 新乡汉族 Xinxiang Han[ | 16.71 | 16.64 | 14.78 | 14.54 | 11.58 | 11.43 | 16.06 | 16.14 | 10.03 | 10.01 | |
| 16 a | 腊尔山苗族 Lar mountain Miao | 18.46 | 17.85 | 14.48 | 14.07 | 14.19 | 13.83 | 18.09 | 17.68 | 11.32 | 10.97 |
| 土家族 Tujia[ | 18.76 | 18.17 | 15.79 | 15.23 | 13.98 | 13.68 | 18.49 | 17.86 | 11.73 | 11.11 | |
| 侗族 Dong[ | 18.90 | 18.30 | 15.36 | 15.08 | 14.44 | 13.80 | 17.90 | 17.13 | 11.22 | 10.46 | |
| 玉林汉族 Yulin Han[ | 18.17 | 17.65 | 14.78 | 14.29 | 13.40 | 12.84 | 17.84 | 17.58 | 11.86 | 11.54 | |
| 融水苗族 Rongshui Miao[ | 18.37 | 17.41 | 14.91 | 14.55 | 14.04 | 13.65 | 17.96 | 17.38 | 12.15 | 11.63 | |
| 哈萨克族 Kazak[ | 17.94 | 17.48 | 15.99 | 15.47 | 14.17 | 13.93 | 19.18 | 18.64 | 12.18 | 11.60 | |
| 回族 Hui[ | 17.64 | 17.15 | 15.59 | 15.17 | 12.91 | 13.03 | 17.71 | 17.60 | 12.32 | 12.24 | |
Tab.5 Head and face measurements of Lar mountain Miao and other ethnic groups (cm)
| 年龄 age | 族群 ethnic group | 头长lh | 头宽bh | 面宽bf | 容貌面高Ⅰhpf | 形态面高hmf | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 男性 male | 女性 female | 男性 male | 女性 female | 男性 male | 女性 female | 男性 male | 女性 female | 男性 male | 女性 female | ||
| 7 a | 腊尔山苗族 Lar mountain Miao | 17.43 | 17.11 | 13.80 | 13.58 | 12.60 | 12.32 | 16.02 | 15.76 | 9.91 | 9.58 |
| 土家族 Tujia[ | 17.53 | 17.26 | 15.11 | 14.64 | 12.39 | 12.17 | 16.08 | 16.06 | 10.11 | 9.77 | |
| 侗族 Dong[ | 17.12 | 17.43 | 14.87 | 14.43 | 12.50 | 12.18 | 15.40 | 15.40 | 9.15 | 8.80 | |
| 玉林汉族 Yulin Han[ | 16.11 | 16.09 | 14.97 | 14.37 | 12.28 | 11.98 | 16.02 | 15.81 | 10.06 | 9.77 | |
| 融水苗族 Rongshui Miao[ | 16.47 | 16.26 | 14.68 | 14.30 | 12.49 | 12.33 | 15.63 | 15.55 | 10.01 | 10.00 | |
| 哈萨克族 Kazak[ | 16.64 | 16.48 | 15.31 | 14.76 | 12.81 | 12.36 | 16.82 | 16.66 | 10.33 | 10.09 | |
| 新乡汉族 Xinxiang Han[ | 16.71 | 16.64 | 14.78 | 14.54 | 11.58 | 11.43 | 16.06 | 16.14 | 10.03 | 10.01 | |
| 16 a | 腊尔山苗族 Lar mountain Miao | 18.46 | 17.85 | 14.48 | 14.07 | 14.19 | 13.83 | 18.09 | 17.68 | 11.32 | 10.97 |
| 土家族 Tujia[ | 18.76 | 18.17 | 15.79 | 15.23 | 13.98 | 13.68 | 18.49 | 17.86 | 11.73 | 11.11 | |
| 侗族 Dong[ | 18.90 | 18.30 | 15.36 | 15.08 | 14.44 | 13.80 | 17.90 | 17.13 | 11.22 | 10.46 | |
| 玉林汉族 Yulin Han[ | 18.17 | 17.65 | 14.78 | 14.29 | 13.40 | 12.84 | 17.84 | 17.58 | 11.86 | 11.54 | |
| 融水苗族 Rongshui Miao[ | 18.37 | 17.41 | 14.91 | 14.55 | 14.04 | 13.65 | 17.96 | 17.38 | 12.15 | 11.63 | |
| 哈萨克族 Kazak[ | 17.94 | 17.48 | 15.99 | 15.47 | 14.17 | 13.93 | 19.18 | 18.64 | 12.18 | 11.60 | |
| 回族 Hui[ | 17.64 | 17.15 | 15.59 | 15.17 | 12.91 | 13.03 | 17.71 | 17.60 | 12.32 | 12.24 | |
| [1] | 邓文涛, 姜东, 席焕久, 等. 辽宁锡伯族成人头面部体质特征[J]. 解剖学杂志, 2019, 42(2): 177-182 |
| [2] |
Bahşi I, Orhan M, Kervancioğlu P, et al. Craniofacial anthropometry of healthy Turkish young adults: analysis of head and face[J/OL]. J Craniofac Surg, 2020, doi: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007219
doi: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007219 |
| [3] |
Li YL, Zheng LB, Yu KL, et al. Variation of head and facial morphological characteristics with increased age of Han in Southern China[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2013, 58(4): 517-524
doi: 10.1007/s11434-012-5644-7 URL |
| [4] | 刘小元, 温有锋, 叶丽平, 等. 满-通古斯语族人群头面部特征比较[J]. 解剖学报, 2018, 49(2): 251-257 |
| [5] |
Pavlica TM, Rakić RS, Božić-Krstić VS, et al. Secular trend of head and face shape in adult population of Vojvodina (Serbia)[J]. Annals of Human Biology, 2018, 45(4): 330-336
doi: 10.1080/03014460.2018.1452981 pmid: 29534623 |
| [6] | 李玉玲, 季成叶, 刘燕, 等. 学龄双生子儿童头面部特征的遗传学分析[J]. 人类学学报, 2013, 32(1): 93-100 |
| [7] |
Akinbami BO. Measurement of cephalic indices in older children and adolescents of a Nigerian population[J/OL]. Biomed Res Int, 2014: 527473, doi: 10.1155/2014/527473
doi: 10.1155/2014/527473 |
| [8] | Fu F, Luximon Y. Head and Face Anthropometric Study for Chinese Children[J]. Industrial Engineering & Management Systems, 2019, 18(4): 619-629 |
| [9] | 钟涛. 中国苗族(上)[M]. 贵阳: 贵州民族出版社, 2018, 2-17 |
| [10] | 李咏兰, 刘璐. 中国蒙古族头面部的体质人类学特征[J]. 解剖学报, 2019, 50(1): 98-106 |
| [11] | 席焕久, 陈昭. 人体测量方法[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2010, 145-153 |
| [12] |
Hanihara T. Craniofacial affinities of Mariana Islanders and circum-Pacific peoples[J]. Am J Phys Anthropol, 1997, 104(3): 411-425
doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199711)104:3<411::AID-AJPA10>3.0.CO;2-2 pmid: 9408545 |
| [13] | 黄大元, 张惠娟, 石慧娟, 等. 土家族儿童少年头面部的体质特征[J]. 解剖学报, 2013, 44(6): 843-850 |
| [14] | 周丽宁, 魏博源, 邓祥发, 等. 广西三江侗族儿童青少年头面部发育指标分析[J]. 人类学学报, 2002, 21(4): 273-278 |
| [15] | 周丽宁, 魏博源, 莫世泰, 等. 广西玉林地区汉族儿童青少年头面部发育特征[J]. 人类学学报, 2002, 21(3): 225-229 |
| [16] | 阙玉玲, 李日伦, 王丹阳, 等. 广西融水苗族儿童青少年头面部发育指标分析[J]. 解剖学杂志, 2010, 33(6): 806-810 |
| [17] | 艾琼华, 肖辉, 许煜和, 等. 哈萨克族青少年的体质发育调查[J]. 人类学学报, 1993, 12(2): 130-136 |
| [18] | 包月昭, 张文学, 张顺利, 等. 河南新乡地区儿童头面部测量[J]. 人类学学报, 1995, 14(1): 63-70 |
| [19] | 韩希昌, 魏锁成, 马力扬. 临夏回族青少年体质发育特征研究[J]. 人类学学报, 1995, 14(1): 75-81 |
| [20] |
Farkas LG, Posnick JC, Hreczko TM. Anthropometric growth study of the head[J]. Cleft Palate Craniofac J, 1992, 29(4):303-308
doi: 10.1597/1545-1569_1992_029_0303_agsoth_2.3.co_2 URL |
| [21] |
Purkait R. Growth of cranial volume: an anthropometric study[J]. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2011, 64(5): e115-117
doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2011.01.005 URL |
| [22] | Eboh DE, Okoro EC, Iteire KA. A Cross-sectional Anthropometric Study of Cranial Capacity among Ukwuani People of South Nigeria[J]. Malays J Med Sci, 2016, 23(5): 72-82 |
| [23] | 黄大元, 张惠娟, 吴国运, 等. 武陵山区苗族儿童少年体质发育[J]. 人类学学报, 2013, 32(2): 193-203 |
| [24] |
Fatemeh P, Eftekhar-Vaghefi SH, Salehinejad P. Anthropometric Analysis of Cephalofacial Dimensions in Kerman, Iran[J]. Acta Medica Iranica, 2017, 55(4): 241-248
pmid: 28532135 |
| [25] |
Zheng LB, Li YL, Lu SH, et al. Physical characteristics of Chinese Hakka[J]. Sci China Life Sci, 2013, 56(6): 541-551
doi: 10.1007/s11427-013-4471-7 pmid: 23576182 |
| [26] |
Miyazato E, Yamaguchi K, Fukase H, et al. Comparative analysis of facial morphology between Okinawa Islanders and mainland Japanese using three-dimensional images[J]. Am J Hum Biol, 2014, 26(4): 538-548
doi: 10.1002/ajhb.22560 pmid: 24838439 |
| [27] |
Li HJ, Wu XZ, Zhang YD, et al. Morphometric analysis of the facial profile: contour of the side face and its variations[J]. J Craniofac Surg, 2018, 29(7): 1928-1933
doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000005053 pmid: 30222686 |
| [28] |
Arya R, Duggirala R, Comuzzie AG, et al. Heritability of anthropometric phenotypes in caste populations of Visakhapatnam, India[J]. Hum Biol, 2002, 74(3): 325-344
pmid: 12180759 |
| [29] | 张兴华, 宇克莉, 郑连斌. 中国14个特殊旁系族群的头面部特征比较[J]. 人类学学报, 2021, 40(02): 226-238 |
| [1] | WANG Qimeng, QIN Dabao, ZHANG Huijuan, DENG xiang, HUANG Dayuan. Skinfold thickness and body composition of the Dong adults in Hunan [J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2026, 45(02): 322-332. |
| [2] | ZHANG Xinghua, LYU Jingyi, XIAO Yao, NIE Haobo, YU Keli, CHENG Zhi, GAO Xinying, YAO Yuetong, BAO Jinping. Changes in physical characteristics of Chinese Mang people over the past 17 years [J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2025, 44(04): 642-650. |
| [3] | WANG Xu, WAN Tengshu, LIU Xuemin, LI Mengsi, ZHAI Jiaqi, ZHAO Chunwang. Morphological characteristics of the head and face of Han children in Henan [J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2024, 43(05): 813-827. |
| [4] | LI Xin, JIANG Shuai, HUANG Ting, ZHONG Hua, WEN Youfeng. A comparison of head and facial characteristics between the Daur ethnic groups in Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang [J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2024, 43(04): 586-596. |
| [5] | YU Keli, ZHANG Xinghua, CHENG Zhi, ZHENG Lianbin. Head and facial characteristics and their differences among different peoples in China [J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2024, 43(04): 574-585. |
| [6] | ZHANG Xinghua, XIAO Yao, YAN Kanweng, YU Yingxiang, GAO Wenfang, BAO Jinping, CHENG Zhi, GAO Xinying, YAO Yuetong, LIU Xin, YU Keli. Physical characteristics of the Manmi people in China [J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2024, 43(04): 561-573. |
| [7] | LYU Jingyi, XIAO Yao, YU Keli, CHENG Zhi, NIE Haobo, GAO Xinying, YAO Yuetong, BAO Jinping, ZHENG Lianbin, ZHANG Xinghua. Physical characteristics of the Huangyi Va people in China [J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2024, 43(04): 549-560. |
| [8] | LI Yonglan, YU Huixin, ZHANG Xinghua, YU Keli, BAO Jinping, ZHENG Lianbin. Head and facial features of populations in different geographical regions of China [J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2023, 42(06): 793-806. |
| [9] | HUANG Dayuan, ZHANG Huijuan, TIAN Miao, QIN Dabao, LIANG Chengqing. Analysis of skinfold thickness and body composition of the Tujia adults in Hunan [J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2021, 40(05): 857-866. |
| [10] | BAO Jinping, ZHENG Lianbin, YU Keli, JIA Yalan. The physical characteristics and its changes of Jino in 35 years [J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2021, 40(02): 261-271. |
| [11] | ZHANG Xinghua, YU Keli, ZHENG Lianbin. Comparison of head and facial characteristics of 14 ethnic groups in China [J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2021, 40(02): 226-238. |
| [12] | WEN You-feng; YE Li-ping; XI Huan-jiu; REN Fu. Somatotypes of Tibetan adolescents in Tibet [J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2009, 28(01): 64-72. |
| [13] | Chen Shourong, Deng Guoshun. Analysis of cephalic and facial soft tissue thickness in Chinese Han adult females and 6 ethnic groups [J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 1996, 15(02): 178-180. |
| [14] | Ai Qionghua, Sai Fuding, Xu Yuhe; Abudu Aini. Comparison of head and facial features among Kazaks, Uigurs and Mongols of Xinjiang [J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 1996, 15(01): 50-57. |
| [15] | Han Xichang, Wei Suocheng, Ma Liyang, Li Shukan. A study on the physical development characteristics of Hui teenagers in Linxia [J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 1995, 14(01): 75-81. |
| Viewed | ||||||
|
Full text |
|
|||||
|
Abstract |
|
|||||