There are some reports about physical anthropology studies of Li minority nationality published in 1982 and 1988 separately, and there are some research findings about molecular anthropology in recent years. However, it is still a lack of studies about body composition and physical anthropology data of Li minority nationality. Anthropometry of 607 cases spread in 5 stockaded villages in Wuzhishan city of Hainan Province of Li minority nationality adults (308 males and 299 females) were measured in November 2014. The study finds out that Li minority nationality are thin and muscular. The body fat percentage of Li minority nationality male increases with age mainly due to the increase of trunk fat percentage and has little relationship with limbs fat percentage. The decline in lean body mass of male is due to decrease of bone mass, torso and limbs muscle. With the growth of age, body fat percentage of Li minority nationality female increases linearly, total body muscle mass decreases linearly. Gradually increasing in body fat percentage is due to increase of trunk fat percentage and limb fat percentage. Decrease of total body muscle mass is caused by decrease of while left lower limb muscle and trunk muscle mass.Li minority nationality men and women are brachycephaly, hypsicephalic type, metriocephalic type, euryprosopy, mesorrhiny, medium length of trunk, medium chest circumference, broad shoulder breadth, medium distance between iliac crests, mesatiskelic type. Comparing with the head facial data of Li minority nationality in 30 years ago, the values of head breadth and face breadth in this paper are bigger, faces are rounder and broader, and faces are wider while red lips are thinner, and morphological facial height values are smaller, the nose breadth values of males of Li minority nationality is smaller.