Acta Anthropologica Sinica >

2022 , Vol. 41 >Issue 03: 450 - 462

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2021.0052

Research Articles

Morphological characteristics of Chinese head and face

  • Yonglan LI ,
  • Xinghua ZHANG ,
  • Zeyang SUN ,
  • Keli YU ,
  • Jinping BAO ,
  • Lianbin ZHENG
Expand
  • 1. College of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022
    2. College of Ethnology and Anthropology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022
    3. College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, Tianjin 300387
    4. Institute of Sports Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387

Received date: 2020-12-08

  Revised date: 2021-03-26

  Online published: 2022-06-16

Fold

Abstract

At present, there has not been a large sample report on the head, face, nose, lip and ear shapes in Chinese population. We completed a cephalo-facial measurement on 63,449 individuals from 115 ethnic groups and calculated seven cephalometric indexes, such as length-breadth index of head (LBIH) and so on. The relationship between the above-mentioned indexes and age as well as correlation among indexes, average year temperature and latitude were explored. The principal component analysis was utilized to study the index values of seven age groups. Our data presents that with an increased age, the head of Chinese people is becoming longer and lower accompanied by narrower face, wider nose wider, thinner lips and longer ears, which is also proved by the principal component analysis. The correlation analysis results show that with the increase of latitude,length-breadth index of head (LBIH), morphological facial index (MFI),derived from Chinese men and women increase, while height-breadth index of nose (HBIN) and physiognomic index of ear (PIE) decrease. With the increase of annual mean temperature,length-height index of head (LHIH),breadth-height index of head (BHIH), morphological facial index (MFI) tend to drop with an elevation of HBIN and PIE values in both female and male cases.Chinese male and female have a higher rate of brachycephaly and mesocephaly by LBIH. Both male and female are mainly hypsicephalic by LHIH, acrocephalic by BHIH and hyperleptoprosopy by MFI. More than half of people is mesorrhiny by HBIN, followed by leptorrhiny.

Key words： China; Head shape; Face shape; Cephalo-facial index; Age

Cite this article

Yonglan LI , Xinghua ZHANG , Zeyang SUN , Keli YU , Jinping BAO , Lianbin ZHENG . Morphological characteristics of Chinese head and face[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2022 , 41(03) : 450 -462 . DOI: 10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2021.0052

References

[1] Li YL, Zheng LB, Yu KL, et al. Variation of head and facial morphological characteristics with increased age of Han in southern China[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2013, 58(4-5): 517-524
[2] 雅•雅•罗金斯基, 马•格•列文. 人类学[M]. 北京: 警官教育出版社, 1993
[3] 刘璐, 李咏兰. 鄂尔多斯蒙古族头面部指数及其分型[J]. 解剖学杂志, 2018, 41(1):79-83
[4] 黄丽, 温有锋, 刘永, 等. 辽宁清原满族成人头面部测量指标调查[J]. 解剖学杂志, 2015, 38 (5): 602-605
[5] 李晶, 李珊, 宇克莉, 等. 羌族的体质特征[J]. 解剖学杂志, 2018, 41 (4): 440-445+486
[6] 贺思雨, 刘学峰, 张丽, 等. 辽宁汉族成人头面部形态指数特征研究[J]. 中国医药科学, 2016, 6 (4): 83-86
[7] 时蕊, 郑连斌, 胡莹, 等. 汉族闽南语族群头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J]. 解剖学杂志, 2013, 36 (2): 227-233
[8] Martin R, Saller K. Lehrbuch der anthropologie[M]. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttagart, 1957
[9] 吴汝康, 吴新智, 张振标. 人体测量方法[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1984
[10] 杜利利, 兰亚佳, 王海椒, 等. 汉族人头面部特征分析[J]. 工业卫生与职业病, 2010, 36 (1): 11-15
[11] 杨雷, 徐国昌, 席焕久, 等. 河南汉族成人头面部形态特征研究[J]. 天津师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 32 (1): 60-64
[12] Oladipo GS, Okoh PD, Isong EE. Anthropometric studies of cephalic length, cephalic breadth and cephalic indices of the ibibios of Nigeria[J]. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2010, 2(3): 104-106
[13] Oladipo GS, Olotu JE, Suleiman Y. Anthropometric Studies of Cephalic Indices of the Ogonis in Nigeria[J]. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2009, 1(2): 15-17
[14] Apoorva D, Patil GV, Thejeswari S, et al. An anthropometric study of Cephalic Index in south Indian students[J]. Journal of the Anatomical Society of India, 2015, 64(S2): S23-S23
[15] Yu SM, Chang SO, Hong JH, et al. Ancient to modern secular changes in the cranial/cephalic index in Korea: historical brachycephalization and recent debrachycephalization[J]. Anatomical Science International, 2020, 95(4): 363-373
[16] Wang F, Zhang JZ, Yang CP. Exploration of the regularity of facial modifications with age and establishment of a method for determining age ranges of the Han ethnicity of China in early adulthood[J]. Chinese Journal of Anatomy, 2015, 38(6): 728-732
[17] LI YL, ZHENG LB, YU KL, et al. Variation of head and facial morphological characteristics with increased age of Han in Southern China[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2013, 4: 517-524
[18] 郑连斌, 黎霞, 张兴华, 等. 四川汉族人头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J]. 解剖学杂志, 2011, 34 (5): 699-705
[19] 宋雪, 张兴华, 宇克莉, 等. 四川羌族头面部特征的年龄变化[J]. 天津师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2016, 36 (2): 69-74
[20] 李咏兰, 陆舜华, 郑连斌, 等. 绍兴地区汉族成人头面部特征的年龄变化[J]. 解剖学杂志, 2013, 36 (3): 392-397
[21] 田金源, 宇克莉, 郑连斌, 等. 河北汉族群体头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J]. 天津师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 35 (4): 75-80
[22] 任佳易, 李咏兰, 宇克莉, 等. 海南临高人头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J]. 天津师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2016, 36 (3): 74-80
[23] 郑连斌, 李咏兰, 冯晨露, 等. 革家成年人头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J]. 解剖学报, 2013, 44(5): 699-706
[24] 郑连斌, 陆舜华, 包金萍, 等. 广东客家人头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J]. 浙江大学学报(医学版), 2012, 41 (3) : 250-258
[25] Ferrario VF, Sforza C, Ciusa V, et al. Morphometry of the normal human ear: A cross-sectional study from adolescence to mid-adulthood[J]. J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol, 1999, 19(4): 226-233
[26] Meijerman L, van der Lugt C, Maat GJR. Cross-sectional anthropometric study of the external ear[J]. Journal of forensic sciences, 2007, 52(2): 286-293
[27] Gualdi-Russo E. Longitudinal study of anthropometric changes with aging in an urban Italian population[J]. Homo, Journal of Comparative Human Biology, 1998, 49(3): 241-259
[28] Niemetz C, Nibbrig M, Zacher V. Human ears grow throughout the entire lifetime according to complicated and sexually dimorphic patterns--conclusions from a cross-sectional analysis[J]. Anthropol Anz, 2007, 65(4): 391-413
[29] Sforza C, Grandi G, De MM, et al. Age- and sex-related changes in the normal human ear[J]. Forensic Science International, 2009, 187(1-3): 205.e1
[30] 张兴华, 郑连斌, 宇克莉, 等. 西双版纳傣族头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J]. 南京师大学报(自然科学版), 2016, 39(1): 79-85
[31] Purkait R, Singh P. Anthropometry of the normal human auricle: a study of adult Indian men[J]. Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, 2007, 31(4): 372-379
[32] 郑明霞, 郑连斌, 宋瓘兰, 等. 海南文昌汉族人头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J]. 解剖学杂志, 2013, 36 (3): 387-391
[33] 王杨, 郑连斌, 宇克莉, 等. 安徽滁州地区汉族人群头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J]. 天津师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2011, 31(4): 86-91
[34] Arya R, Duggirala R, Comuzzie AG, et al. Heritability of anthropometric phenotypes in caste populations of visakhapatnam, India[J]. Human Biology, 2002, 74(3): 325-344
[35] Peng Q, Li J, Tan J, et al. EDARV370A associated facial characteristics in Uyghur population revealing further pleiotropic effects[J]. Hum Genet, 2016, 135(1): 99-108
[36] 李祎, 赵雯婷, 李丹, 等. EDARV370A对新疆维吾尔族人群面部及耳朵形态的效应[J]. 遗传, 2018, 40(11): 104-114
[37] Crognier E. Climate and anthropometric variations in Europe and the Mediterranean area[J]. Annals of Human Biology, 1981, 8(2): 99-107
[38] Beals KL. Head form and climatic stress[J]. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 1972, 37(1): 85-92
[39] Ji LD, Xu J, Zhang YP. Environmental adaptation studies in human populations[J]. Chin Sci Bull (Chin Ver), 2012, 57(Z1): 112-119
[40] Zaidi AA, Mattern BC, Claes P, et al. Investigating the case of human nose shape and climate adaptation[J]. PLoS Genetics, 2018, 14(1): e1007207
[41] Leong SC, Eccles R. A systematic review of the nasal index and the significance of the shape and size of the nose in rhinology[J]. Clinical Otolaryngology, 2009, 34(3): 191-198
[42] 赵婵媛, 王杨洋, 王美艳, 等. 6-12岁双生子女童头影测量中软组织面平面的环境和遗传作用分析[J]. 解剖学报, 2020, 51(2): 103-108
Options
Outlines

/

〈 〉