Relationship between body fat and cognitive impairment in the elderly people in Nanyang, Henan Province

doi:10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2024.0045

Abstract

Abstract:

This study used a cluster random sampling method to measure the body fat mass of 1036 elderly people over 60 years old in Nanyang area using bioelectrical impedance method. The simple intelligence state examination scale was used to evaluate cognitive function, and the distribution of total body and local fat mass in the elderly were statistically analyzed to explore the relationship between body fat mass and cognitive impairment.The results showed that the total body fat, visceral fat, trunk fat, upper limbs fat and lower limbs fat mass of the elderly women in Nanyang area was higher than that of the men (P<0.05). In terms of total body fat, visceral fat, and trunk fat mass, urban males had higher values than rural males, and rural females had higher fat mass than urban females (P<0.05), while no such change was observed in fat mass in upper and lower limbs. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal follow-up studies showed that the total body fat, visceral fat and trunk fat mass decreased with age in males (P<0.05), while no such change was observed in other indexes. Similarly, with the increase of age, there was no statistical difference in the change of total body fat, subcutaneous fat, visceral fat, trunk fat and limb fat mass in females. The incidence of cognitive impairment was 19.47% in males and 28.91% in females, both of which increased with age (P<0.05). The incidence of female cognitive impairment in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas (P<0.05). Total body fat, visceral fat and trunk fat in cognitive impairment group were higher than those in cognitive normal group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in fat mass in upper and lower limbs between the cognitive impairment group and the cognitive normal group. Total body fat, visceral fat and trunk fat were correlated with Mini-mental state examination score of cognitive impairment in all groups (P<0.05). There was no correlation between upper and lower limb fat mass and MMSE score of cognitive impairment in all groups. On the whole, the total body fat, visceral fat and trunk fat of the elderly in Nanyang area has a large gender difference, age difference and urban and rural difference, and has a close correlation with cognitive impairment. The incidence of cognitive impairment is higher in the group over 80 years old and the group of rural women. Health assessment and prevention of related diseases should be strengthened.

Key words: fat mass, cognitive impairment, aged, Nanyang District, bioelectrical impedance analysis

CLC Number:

K871

XU Guochang, ZHANG Peihua, CHEN Zhiguo, MA Changde, YE Songshan. Relationship between body fat and cognitive impairment in the elderly people in Nanyang, Henan Province[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2024, 43(04): 629-637.

Figures/Tables 7

References 28

[1]	倪秀石, 吴方, 宋娟, 等. 老年人认知障碍评估中国专家共识(2022)[J]. 中华老年医学杂志, 2022, 41(12): 1430-1440
[2]	黄冬妹, 陶品月, 潘晓, 等. 人体测量学指标用于社区老年人轻度认知障碍筛查研究[J]. 护理学杂志, 2023, 38(19): 6-11
[3]	李惠子, 王磊, 杨永向, 等. 老年人体质量指数和体成分与认知功能的相关性[J]. 中华老年多器官疾病杂志, 2022, 21(10): 760-765
[4]	程琳, 张培华, 李忠, 等. 南阳市社区老年人认知功能与血脂水平的关系[J]. 南阳理工学院学报, 2018, 10(2): 99-101+128
[5]	Lin WY. Associations of five obesity indicators with cognitive performance in 30, 697 Taiwan Biobank participants[J]. BMC Geriatr, 2022, 22(1): 839
[6]	Fu Y, Li XL, Wang T, et al. The prevalence and agreement of sarcopenic obesity using different definitions and its association with mild cognitive impairment[J]. J Alzheimers Dis, 2023, 94(1): 137-146 doi: 10.3233/JAD-221232 pmid: 37212103
[7]	徐国昌. 表型人类学研究[M]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学出版社, 2019, 1-19
[8]	胡秀英, 肖惠敏. 老年护理学(第5版)[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2022, 61-62
[9]	杨颖, 张云云, 陆守荣, 等. 增龄对不同性别社区老年人人体成分的影响研究[J]. 实用老年医学, 2022, 36(1): 81-84
[10]	席焕久, 李文慧, 刘莹莹. 体质测量在超重和肥胖研究中的应用[J]. 人类学学报, 2021, 40(2): 328-345
[11]	刘超, 狄红杰. 肥胖与老年痴呆关系的研究进展[J]. 实用老年医学, 2014, 28(11): 884-886
[12]	黄晓兰, 杨园园, 曾园圆, 等. 儿童青少年脂肪分布特点和发育规律研究[J]. 科技风, 2021, 33(22): 148-150
[13]	陆宏, 马文倩, 王璐, 等. 宁夏汉族青少年脂肪分布特点的分析[J]. 解剖学杂志, 2019, 42(4): 398-402
[14]	王丽娟, 李文晖, 任潇庆, 等. 老年人与青年人体组织层厚度的差异分析[J]. 西安工程大学学报, 2024, 38(1): 99-104
[15]	杨营营, 王箴, 严颜, 等. 中国健康体检人群腹部脂肪的年龄、性别和地域分布特点[J]. 健康体检与管理, 2023, 4(2): 171-175
[16]	叶蓁蓁, 易剑锋, 潘建西. 运动与绝经后女性骨强度、体成分及性激素的关系[J]. 解剖学报, 2021, 52(3): 473-478 doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2021.03.022
[17]	许春燕, 邱国真, 郭启雯, 等. 85岁以上非痴呆老人保护性因素分析[J]. 阿尔茨海默病及相关病杂志, 2022, 5(2): 143-147 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-5516.2022.02.010
[18]	Caterina R, Anne N, Adam S, et al. Increase in skeletal muscular adiposity and cognitive decline in a biracial cohort of older men and women[J]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2023, 71(9): 2759-2768 doi: 10.1111/jgs.18419 pmid: 37282843
[19]	Jakob N, Shireen S, Anna SM, et al. The dietary carbohydrate/fat-ratio and cognitive performance:panel analyses in older adults at risk for dementia[J]. Curr Dev Nutr, 2023, 7(6): 100096
[20]	刘梦甜, 胥巧云, 谢小芳. 老年人群膳食营养因素与代谢综合征关系[J]. 公共卫生与预防医学, 2022, 33(3): 85-89
[21]	Yao XT, Zhao JY, Yuan Y, et al. Prolonged early exposure to a high-fat diet augments the adverse effects on neurobehavior and hippocampal neuroplasticity: involvement of microglial insulin signaling[J]. Am J Pathol, 2023, 193(10): 1568-1586
[22]	Dement SHH, Yun JH, Jee HJ, et al. Study design and baseline results in a cohort study to identify predictors for the clinical progression to mild cognitive impairment or dementia from subjective cognitive decline (CoSCo) study[J]. Neurocogn Disord, 2022, 21(4): 147-161
[23]	汤凤, 丁小秘, 王莉, 等. 膳食脂肪在老年认知障碍防治中的利与弊[J]. 阿尔茨海默病及相关病杂志, 2020, 3(4): 310-314 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-5516.2020.04.011
[24]	黄淑云, 张薇平, 张胜建, 等. 非内脏脂肪升高者内脏脂肪面积与认知功能关系的分析[J]. 阿尔茨海默病及相关病杂志, 2019, 2(1): 256-260 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-5516.2019.01.005
[25]	Gepner Y, Shelef I, Schwarzfuchs D, et al. 生活方式干预对脂肪储存库动员的影响[J]. 中华高血压杂志, 2017, 25(12): 1199
[26]	Sonia SA, Matthias GF, Douglas SL, et al. Evaluation of adiposity and cognitive function in adults[J]. JAMA Netw Open, 2022, 5(2): e2146324
[27]	Li TC, Li CI, Liu CS, et al. Obesity marker trajectories and cognitive impairment in older adults: a 10-year follow-up in Taichung community health study for elders[J]. BMC Psychiatry, 2022, 22(1): 748
[28]	公维军, 张玉梅. 认知衰弱康复中国专家共识(2023)[J]. 中国医刊, 2023, 58(9): 949-953

指标Index	男 Male (n=493)			女Female (n=543)
指标Index	60≤a<70 (n=202)	70≤a<80 (n=150)	80≤a<100 (n=141)	60≤a<70 (n=231)	70≤a<80 (n=173)	80≤a<100 (n=139)
身高H (cm)	164.86±5.71	163.48±5.29	162.10±4.24	154.06±3.77	153.49±2.51	150.13±2.20^**
体质量m (kg)	63.26±9.47	64.30±8.36	62.99±7.35	60.24±9.81	59.36±7.04	57.64±7.17^*
I_m(kg/m²)	23.84±3.26	24.21±3.78	23.04±3.45	25.97±3.24	25.02±4.67	24.32±4.28

指标Index	男 Male (n=493)			女Female (n=543)
指标Index	60≤a<70 (n=202)	70≤a<80 (n=150)	80≤a<100 (n=141)	60≤a<70 (n=231)	70≤a<80 (n=173)	80≤a<100 (n=139)
身高H (cm)	164.86±5.71	163.48±5.29	162.10±4.24	154.06±3.77	153.49±2.51	150.13±2.20^**
体质量m (kg)	63.26±9.47	64.30±8.36	62.99±7.35	60.24±9.81	59.36±7.04	57.64±7.17^*
I_m(kg/m²)	23.84±3.26	24.21±3.78	23.04±3.45	25.97±3.24	25.02±4.67	24.32±4.28

脂肪量m of fat	男Male (n=493)				女Female(n=543)
脂肪量m of fat	60≤a<70	70≤a<80	80≤a<100	总体Totality	60≤a<70	70≤a<80	80≤a<100	总体Totality
全身m_tot	15.90±6.19	14.45±6.52	13.83±6.64^*	15.02±6.22	21.15±7.56	22.00±8.14	19.55±9.08	21.46±8.37^*
皮下m_sub	9.98±4.58	9.16±5.26	8.81±5.20	9.48±4.15	15.26±4.26	15.88±5.27	14.11±4.08	15.49±4.17^*
内脏m_vis	5.93±3.56	5.28±4.26	5.04±3.17^*	5.55±3.28	5.88±2.89	6.11±4.27	5.42±3.99	5.94±3.24^**
躯干m_tru	9.52±4.03	8.59±4.19	8.18±4.21^*	8.82±4.32	12.22±4.87	12.90±5.24	12.40±5.74	12.52±5.38^**
左上肢m_l,up	0.58±0.23	0.56±0.25	0.54±0.26	0.57±0.20	0.95±0.45	1.01±0.50	0.80±0.59	0.92±0.71^**
右上肢m_r,up	0.56±0.22	0.53±0.24	0.52±0.25	0.54±0.22	0.93±0.44	0.99±0.50	0.80±0.60	0.92±0.49^*
左下肢m_l,lo	2.37±0.91	2.38±0.97	2.39±1.00	2.38±0.96	3.48±0.92	3.51±0.98	2.75±1.10	3.17±0.95^*
右下肢m_r,lo	2.37±0.89	2.39±0.97	2.41±1.00	2.40±0.92	3.57±0.96	3.60±1.02	2.85±1.16	3.22±1.10^*

脂肪量m of fat	男Male (n=493)				女Female(n=543)
脂肪量m of fat	60≤a<70	70≤a<80	80≤a<100	总体Totality	60≤a<70	70≤a<80	80≤a<100	总体Totality
全身m_tot	15.90±6.19	14.45±6.52	13.83±6.64^*	15.02±6.22	21.15±7.56	22.00±8.14	19.55±9.08	21.46±8.37^*
皮下m_sub	9.98±4.58	9.16±5.26	8.81±5.20	9.48±4.15	15.26±4.26	15.88±5.27	14.11±4.08	15.49±4.17^*
内脏m_vis	5.93±3.56	5.28±4.26	5.04±3.17^*	5.55±3.28	5.88±2.89	6.11±4.27	5.42±3.99	5.94±3.24^**
躯干m_tru	9.52±4.03	8.59±4.19	8.18±4.21^*	8.82±4.32	12.22±4.87	12.90±5.24	12.40±5.74	12.52±5.38^**
左上肢m_l,up	0.58±0.23	0.56±0.25	0.54±0.26	0.57±0.20	0.95±0.45	1.01±0.50	0.80±0.59	0.92±0.71^**
右上肢m_r,up	0.56±0.22	0.53±0.24	0.52±0.25	0.54±0.22	0.93±0.44	0.99±0.50	0.80±0.60	0.92±0.49^*
左下肢m_l,lo	2.37±0.91	2.38±0.97	2.39±1.00	2.38±0.96	3.48±0.92	3.51±0.98	2.75±1.10	3.17±0.95^*
右下肢m_r,lo	2.37±0.89	2.39±0.97	2.41±1.00	2.40±0.92	3.57±0.96	3.60±1.02	2.85±1.16	3.22±1.10^*

脂肪量m of fat	男Male		女Female
脂肪量m of fat	城市Urban(n=290)	乡村Rural(n=211)	城市Urban(n=267)	乡村Rural(n=268)
全身m_tot	16.37±5.42	13.86±6.15^**	19.88±8.20	23.03±7.93^**
皮下m_sub	10.13±5.32	8.89±4.25	14.65±4.11	16.62±3.69
内脏m_vis	6.13±3.16	5.03±3.50^**	5.52±3.44	6.40±3.25^**
躯干m_tru	9.62±3.92	8.07±4.17^**	10.83±5.02	14.20±5.21^**
左上肢m_l,up	0.60±0.17	0.54±0.20	0.83±0.66	0.98±0.77
右上肢m_r,up	0.62±0.18	0.52±0.19	0.85±0.53	0.99±0.47
左下肢m_l,lo	2.58±0.84	2.17±0.90	3.00±0.88	3.94±0.97
右下肢m_r,lo	2.67±0.84	2.22±0.87	2.98±0.98	3.44±1.13