Abstract: It is more and more clear that the fossil materials from the Ramapithecus locality of Lufeng respresent a very complete association of Vertebrates and the most rich assemblage in the Pontian mammalian faunas of South China. Seven forms of Carnivora were reported by the author in 1979. Up to now, twenty seven forms of the order have been found. The taxonomic unit, distribution in the different layers of the Seetion D and the specimen count of each form can be seen in Table 1. This paper only reports the preliminary results of the Carnivora fossils of the Lufeng mammalian fauna. A detailed study of these specimen will be published in future article.
Most of the new forms added to the list of Carnivora are bears, civets and mustelids. Four, ten and three forms have been referred to Ursidae, Mustelidae and Viverridae respectively.
Among the fossils, only a few specimens of two forms (Sivaonyx bathygnathus and Ictitherium gaudryi) were collected from the first layer and the rest came from the second layer and below. This fact indicates that possibly the required living conditions for most of the forms had changed and they no longer existed in the first layer. It tallies with the situation shown in the deposits such as a clear erosin surface between the first and second layers and difference of the upper and lower layers in composition.
Ictitherium gaudryi is the most abundant one of twenty seven forms (67 specimens) . Secondly, Sivaonyx bathygnathus (29 specimens) , Epimachairodus fires (19 specimens) and Pseudaelurus sp. (14 specimens) are also common. In addition, Ursavus depereti, Indarctos sp. and Ursinae indet. are represented by more than 12 specimens. The rest are quite rare.
In the Carnivora of Lufeng, sixteen forms can be identified to the genus level. At least two genera (Sivaonyx and Ursavus) were not reported from chinese Neogene deposits before and it is possible that certain forms of mustelids and civets are also new for the fossil record of Baodean (or Pontian) in China. Miocene linsang and binturrong may exist in the Viverridae and another form, previsionally attributed to Mustelidae indet. (2) is also a problematical one.
Compared to the late Miocene faunas of Europe and North America, Lufeng fauna shows close relations to them. Considering the Carnivora, at. least ten genera (Indarctos, Ursavus, Martes, Eomellivora, Lutra, Sivaonyx, Ictitherium, Epimachairodus, Pseudae-lnrus and lelis) can be found in Europe and six genera (Indarctos, Martes, Eomellivora, Lutra, Pseudaelurus and Felis) exist also in North America. Some affinities to Africa were indicated by a few genera (Ictitherium and Felis) .
In comparison with the "Hipparion fauna" of North China and middle Siwalik fauna of India-Pakistan subcontinent, Lufeng fauna has its own distinguishing features. As shown in Table 2, five families (Ursidae, Mustelidae, Viverridae, Hyaenidae and Felidae) all appear in the three faunas. Seven genera (Indarctos, Martes, Eomellivora, Ictitherium, Epimachairodus, Pseudaelurus and Felis) are common for all faunas. Proputorius and Lutra are present at Lufeng and other localities of North China. Sivaonyx is common to that of Lufeng and Siwalik.
Of eight forms identified to species level, two (Proputorius lufengensis and Epimachairodus fires) are new species. Ursavus depereti can only be found in the Torolian fauna of Europe. Four (Indarctos sinensis, Eomellivora wimani, Martes palaeosinensis and Ictitherium gaudryi) of the forms are limited to the Baodean of North China. Sivaonyx bathygnathus not only lived in Dhok Pathan fauna (corresponding to Turo lian of Europe) , but also occured as early as Nagri (corresponding to Vallesian of Europe) of South Asia.
Judging from the comparisons of the micromammalian fauna and the other orders of Lufeng fauna, it is possible that the geological age of Lufeng fauna corresponds to Dhok Pathan of the middle Siwalik of South Asia (or Selenoportax lydekkeri IntervalZone offered by Barry J. C. et al. in 1982) and Turolian of Europe.
The composition of Lufeng Carnivora lacks canids and amphicyonids as in the Baodean of North China and some forms of civets fossils are relatively rather common. In general, the living forms of many civets are typical beasts inhabiting tropic or subtropic forests. The otters and some mustelids reflect restricted palaeoecological enviroments generally associated with aquatic conditions. The large cats and bears are said to be "forest-dwelling"usually.
Further research with the Lufeng fauna and associated conditions may be resolved in the near future.

Key words: Ramapithecus locality of Lufeng; Miocene fauna; Carnivora; Turolian