Abstract: A craniological survey on 71 male crania and 79 female crania of Zhuang nationality was, carried out by the authors in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China in 1986-1987. Main conclusions regarding the anthropological features of Zhuang nationality from this study are as follows:
1. The physical characters of Zhuang nationality: The cranial length-breadth index is of the mesocrany, the cranial length-height index is of the hypsicrany and the cranial breadth-height index is the metriocrany. The vertical cranio-facial index is 50.79%. The total facial index is of the mesoprosopy. The upper facial index is of the meseny. The orbital index I is of the mesoconchy. The nasal index is of the chamaerrhiny. The simotic index is 29.35%. The gnathic index is of the orthognath.
2. This paper is the first attempt at systematic researching the differences in the cranial characteristics between the Zhuang nationality and the various regional groups of Han nationality by means of cluster analysis. The results imply that the cranial feature of Zhuang nationality is closer to the southern groups of Han nationality than others.
3. Based on the comparisons, it is no double that some so-called “Austral-Negroid” characteristics of this series of the skulle might be regarded as the succeeded and developed ones of the Neolithic Zengpiyan Man and the Late Paleothic Liujiang Man in Southern China. It may be supposed that there are similar gene pool between the ancestors of “Austral-Negroid” and the continental proto-Mongoloid of Asia.

Key words: Crania; metric traits; Zhuang nationality; Modern population; Guangxi