Abstract: The phase of Marine oxygen Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3) is a warm interglacial step in the Last Glacial. Human activity was very active at that time. There were many of human sites and dramatic changing culture feature all over the world. It was just at the beginning of “later Paleolithic revolution”. Zhijidong cave site was one of cave deposits, which contains mainly late Paleolithic culture remains. Zhijidong strata can be divided into four parts. Its bottom contains a lot of stone tools, and it was called bottom culture layer, which belonged to late Pleistocene. The middle part of the deposits had no stone tools. There were a few stone tools in the upper profile, which was called as middle culture layer. It also belonged to late Pleistocene. It contained Peiligang and Qin to Han dynasty culture remains in the top part. The bottom culture layer had the most rich culture remains, and it was 40 ka BP to 50 ka BP. It was just at the phase of MIS 3. It showed us a relative warm-humid temperate grassland-sparse forest grassland climate in this area by spore2pollen statistics. Benign climate is suit for the ancientπs survival and breeding.

Key words: Zhijidong cave; Middle-upper Paleolithic culture; Cave layer; Human activity