Abstract: In this research, 13 ancient human skulls (6 male, 7 female) unearthed from the Guguan site of the Han Dynasty in Qingshuihe County, Inner Mongolian Province were studied. The morphological features of the Guguan group crania show that the racial type is closely related to the modern East Asiatic Mongoloids, but some physical characteristics of these skulls are closer to those from the ancient Central Plains nationality population and the modern population in North China. These authors researched the racial type of the ancient groups in south-central Inner Mongolia before the Qin Dynasty, and noted the presence of an “ancient Central Plains type” from in this area. The main racial type of the Guguan population is discussed as they are likely immigrants from the ancient central plains.

Key words: Qingshuihe County; Guguan; Human skull; East Asiatic Mongoloids