Abstract: Mainly based on the research method of zooarchaeology, the authors carried out the research on the survival strategies of ancient people living in Shuangta site which is known to be rather early Neolithic site in Northeast China till now. The research shows that the sedimentary condition was dry, the climate was relatively cold about 10,000 BP; according to the results of spore-pollen analysis, during early and middle stages of the first period of Shuangta Culture the vegetation coverage was higher, meadow dominated landscape with higher loading capacity of ecosystem comparing the periods before and after, however in the late stage of the culture the vegetation coverage reduced, the environment changed to semi-desert. Overall, the habitants of the first period of Shuangta Culture took small mammals, fish and mollusks as their main resource of protein. Combining the analysis of the assemblage of stone tools unearthed from the site, we can give the conclusion that the people in the first period of Shuangta Culture selected a sustainable survival strategy of broad-spectrum adaptation mainly with fishing-hunting and collecting economy.

Key words: Jilin; Shuangta site; Early Neolithic; Fauna; Environment