Obesity rate and its regional distribution characteristics in the Chinese population

doi:10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2025.0114

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, the weight, height, and waist circumference of 69549 Chinese individuals (32152 males and 37397 females) were measured, and their I_s and I_rvalues were calculated. The results showed that the I_svalues of Chinese males and females were 0.802±0.058 and 0.800±0.106, respectively, indicating that the I_s values were close between the two genders. For I_r values, males scored 3.746±1.175 while females scored 4.194±1.530, with females showing significantly higher values than males.

With the increase of age, both I_s and I_rvalues of the Chinese population present an upward trend. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between I_r and I_s. Moreover, I_s and I_r are closely associated with blood pressure: an increase in I_s and I_r values will lead to elevated blood pressure and heart rate in Chinese people.

It was found that the I_s and I_r values of the systolic hypertensive population were significantly higher than those of the non-hypertensive population. Overall, regional variations in I_sand I_rexist among the Chinese population. For both Chinese males and females, I_sshowed significant positive correlations with longitude, age, precipitation, per capita disposable income, and per capita consumption expenditure. Similarly, Ir exhibited significant positive correlations with latitude, age, sunshine duration,per capita disposable income, and per capita consumption expenditure, while showing significant negative correlations with annual average temperature and precipitation.

Preliminary estimates indicate that among individuals with I_m≥ 24 kg/m² (BMI, denoted as I_m in this study), those with an I_r value of 4.241 for males and 5.086 for females are at risk of obesity. This study employed a comprehensive obesity assessment method, revealing that the obesity rate in China is 27.3% for men and 21.7% for women, with the male obesity rate being higher than that of females. Additionally, a regression analysis between I_r and latitude was conducted, resulting in a regression equation describing the relationship between latitude and I_r.

Key words: Chinese population, body roundness index, hypertension, obesity

CLC Number:

Q983

LI Yonglan, HAN Yuan, ZHANG Xinghua, YU Keli, BAO Jinping, ZHENG Lianbin. Obesity rate and its regional distribution characteristics in the Chinese population[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2026, 45(05): 912-925.

Figures/Tables 9

References 30

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年龄组 Age group (a)	I_s					I_r
	样本量n		±σ		u	样本量n		±σ		u
	男性	女性	男性	女性	u	男性	女性	男性	女性	u
18~29	4865	5242	0.787±0.063	0.784±0.135	1.45	4865	5246	2.987±1.001	3.159±1.239	7.70
30~39	5572	6556	0.793±0.054	0.782±0.114	6.95	5575	6563	3.689±1.076	3.743±1.355	2.45
40~49	6653	8251	0.799±0.052	0.784±0.106	11.28	6661	8264	3.870±1.110	4.148±1.399	13.54
50~59	6731	8559	0.806±0.056	0.806±0.090	0.00	6763	8606	3.946±1.147	4.564±1.457	29.42
60~69	4771	5762	0.811±0.059	0.826±0.084	10.73	4850	5827	3.956±1.213	4.785±1.570	30.76
70~79	2425	2375	0.825±0.060	0.848±0.079	11.34	2473	2412	4.010±1.238	4.938±1.525	23.34
80~90	389	443	0.836±0.065	0.864±0.080	5.57	426	462	4.100±1.260	4.924±1.601	8.56
合计Total	31406	37188	0.802±0.058	0.800±0.106	3.13	31613	37380	3.746±1.175	4.194±1.530	43.45
F			199.514	263.234				478.585	968.406
p			0.000	0.000				0.000	0.000
多重比较LSD			abcdefghijk lmnopqrstu	cdefhijkl mnopqrstu				abcdefghij klmnoqrt	abcdefghij klmnopqrst

年龄组 Age group (a)	I_s					I_r
	样本量n		±σ		u	样本量n		±σ		u
	男性	女性	男性	女性	u	男性	女性	男性	女性	u
18~29	4865	5242	0.787±0.063	0.784±0.135	1.45	4865	5246	2.987±1.001	3.159±1.239	7.70
30~39	5572	6556	0.793±0.054	0.782±0.114	6.95	5575	6563	3.689±1.076	3.743±1.355	2.45
40~49	6653	8251	0.799±0.052	0.784±0.106	11.28	6661	8264	3.870±1.110	4.148±1.399	13.54
50~59	6731	8559	0.806±0.056	0.806±0.090	0.00	6763	8606	3.946±1.147	4.564±1.457	29.42
60~69	4771	5762	0.811±0.059	0.826±0.084	10.73	4850	5827	3.956±1.213	4.785±1.570	30.76
70~79	2425	2375	0.825±0.060	0.848±0.079	11.34	2473	2412	4.010±1.238	4.938±1.525	23.34
80~90	389	443	0.836±0.065	0.864±0.080	5.57	426	462	4.100±1.260	4.924±1.601	8.56
合计Total	31406	37188	0.802±0.058	0.800±0.106	3.13	31613	37380	3.746±1.175	4.194±1.530	43.45
F			199.514	263.234				478.585	968.406
p			0.000	0.000				0.000	0.000
多重比较LSD			abcdefghijk lmnopqrstu	cdefhijkl mnopqrstu				abcdefghij klmnoqrt	abcdefghij klmnopqrst

性别Sex	变量Variable	I_s分组/I_s group					F	p	多重比较LSD
性别Sex	变量Variable	0.00~0.59	0.60~0.69	0.70~0.79	0.80~0.89	>0.90	F	p	多重比较LSD
男性Male	右手握力G_R-han(kg)	29.1±9.6	34.0±10.0	35.2±9.7	31.9±9.8	28.9±9.6	98.144	0.000	abefghij
	左手握力G_L-han(kg)	26.8±9.7	32.7±9.6	34.2±9.4	30.9±9.5	27.3±9.2	106.178	0.000	abcefghij
	收缩压P_Sys(mmHg)	135.2±31.8	130.4±26.6	134.0±24.7	139.1±25.2	140.0±25.6	39.023	0.000	efghij
	舒张压P_Dia(mmHg)	77.9±10.1	77.7±11.7	82.0±13.9	85.0±15.4	83.9±15.0	48.064	0.000	cdefghi
	心率HR(次/min)	82.8±11.2	75.7±16.8	77.5±12.9	79.0±13.5	79.6±14.9	14.99	0.000	abefghi
	I_r	1.610±1.128	2.170±0.677	3.340±1.059	4.220±1.082	4.260±1.046	1760.794	0.000	abcdefghi
女性Female	右手握力G_R-han(kg)	21.7±6.6	23.4±5.0	22.3±6.0	20.0±6.8	18.7±7.0	160.931	0.000	defghij
	左手握力G_L-han(kg)	21.1±5.4	22.7±5.3	21.9±5.5	19.9±5.9	19.0±6.4	126.486	0.000	efghij
	收缩压P_Sys(mmHg)	130.1±22.7	120.1±19.5	126.4±21.4	134.6±23.5	138.9±25.0	215.44	0.000	adefghij
	舒张压P_Dia(mmHg)	82.0±13.8	75.6±11.7	78.8±12.5	81.6±13.1	82.0±13.8	82.12	0.000	aefghi
	心率HR(次/min)	78.9±11.4	76.8±11.1	77.7±11.5	78.2±11.3	79.3±11.8	7.565	0.000	abcgefghij
	I_r	1.832±1.526	2.597±0.966	3.705±1.215	4.750±1.320	5.224±1.414	2523.065	0.000	abcgefghij

性别Sex	变量Variable	I_s分组/I_s group					F	p	多重比较LSD
性别Sex	变量Variable	0.00~0.59	0.60~0.69	0.70~0.79	0.80~0.89	>0.90	F	p	多重比较LSD
男性Male	右手握力G_R-han(kg)	29.1±9.6	34.0±10.0	35.2±9.7	31.9±9.8	28.9±9.6	98.144	0.000	abefghij
	左手握力G_L-han(kg)	26.8±9.7	32.7±9.6	34.2±9.4	30.9±9.5	27.3±9.2	106.178	0.000	abcefghij
	收缩压P_Sys(mmHg)	135.2±31.8	130.4±26.6	134.0±24.7	139.1±25.2	140.0±25.6	39.023	0.000	efghij
	舒张压P_Dia(mmHg)	77.9±10.1	77.7±11.7	82.0±13.9	85.0±15.4	83.9±15.0	48.064	0.000	cdefghi
	心率HR(次/min)	82.8±11.2	75.7±16.8	77.5±12.9	79.0±13.5	79.6±14.9	14.99	0.000	abefghi
	I_r	1.610±1.128	2.170±0.677	3.340±1.059	4.220±1.082	4.260±1.046	1760.794	0.000	abcdefghi
女性Female	右手握力G_R-han(kg)	21.7±6.6	23.4±5.0	22.3±6.0	20.0±6.8	18.7±7.0	160.931	0.000	defghij
	左手握力G_L-han(kg)	21.1±5.4	22.7±5.3	21.9±5.5	19.9±5.9	19.0±6.4	126.486	0.000	efghij
	收缩压P_Sys(mmHg)	130.1±22.7	120.1±19.5	126.4±21.4	134.6±23.5	138.9±25.0	215.44	0.000	adefghij
	舒张压P_Dia(mmHg)	82.0±13.8	75.6±11.7	78.8±12.5	81.6±13.1	82.0±13.8	82.12	0.000	aefghi
	心率HR(次/min)	78.9±11.4	76.8±11.1	77.7±11.5	78.2±11.3	79.3±11.8	7.565	0.000	abcgefghij
	I_r	1.832±1.526	2.597±0.966	3.705±1.215	4.750±1.320	5.224±1.414	2523.065	0.000	abcgefghij

性别Sex	I_r分型type		身高H(mm)	体质量m(kg)	腰围C_w(mm)	髂前上棘皮褶SK(mm)	右手握力G_R-han(kg)	左手握力 G_L-han(kg)	收缩压P_Sys (mmHg)	舒张压P_Dia (mmHg)	心率HR (次/min)	BMI	I_s
男性Male	0~3.39		1624.0	56.5	745.0	10.4	33.2	32.3	129.6	79.6	77.4	21.4	0.762
	n=12872	σ	71.5	8.1	56.6	5.0	9.9	9.6	20.3	12.6	13.3	2.2	0.05
	3.4~6.89		1623.5	69.5	903.6	16.6	33.8	32.7	137.2	84.5	78.2	26.2	0.808
	n=18418	σ	73.8	11.8	73.3	5.7	10.1	9.8	20.9	13	12.6	3.2	0.052
	≥6.90		1622.5	89.1	1105.3	22.3	33.5	32.1	147.6	91.6	82.6	33.8	0.840
	n=321	σ	81.3	16	111.2	5.6	10.5	10.2	24.9	16.5	13.1	4.2	0.081
	F		0.1	2960.9	10389.4	2335.0	5.3	2.7	260.8	276.2	17.7	5641.8	1380.8
	p		0.921	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.005	0.068	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
	多重比较LSD			abc	abc	abc	a	a	abc	abc	abc	abc	abc
女性Female	0~3.39		1545.0	49.8	712.9	14.1	21.9	21.6	122.0	75.8	77.8	22.4	0.729
	n=10990	σ	66.2	7.2	53.2	6.2	6.2	5.4	20.6	11.8	11.8	3.5	0.076
	3.4~6.89		1526.8	58.3	864.3	18.8	21.1	20.9	132.4	81.2	77.8	24.5	0.84
	n=24434	σ	62.6	9.6	67.9	6.8	6.5	5.9	22.7	12.8	11.2	3.8	0.097
	≥6.90		1502.8	70.9	1044.8	22.7	19.6	19.5	144.5	87.9	80.2	27.0	0.972
	n=1580	σ	66.5	13.1	71.4	6.4	6.9	6.1	23.2	13.2	11.4	5.9	0.154
	F		463.0	5278.2	30221.0	1445.7	46.3	47.1	617.2	530.0	15.4	1527.7	7331.7
	p		0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
	多重比较LSD		abc	abc	abc	abc	abc	abc	abc	abc	bc	abc	abc