骨器研究是近年来动物考古学研究的重要课题之一,自1930年梁思永发现昂昂溪遗址的骨质工具以来,骨器正在成为学界研究嫩江流域史前经济形态的重要依据。2013、2014、2015和2017年黑龙江省文物考古研究所对洪河遗址进行了全面发掘,主要遗存归属于新石器时代晚期和青铜时代,除陶器、石制品和青铜器等,还出土了大量骨器,器类丰富,更有多种以往未曾见过的器类。本文通过对该遗址四个年度出土的343件骨制品进行全面介绍和梳理,分析该遗址骨器制作的工艺水平和生产变化,为进一步探讨该遗址乃至嫩江流域史前的生业模式提供重要线索。

The study on bone tools, as an important topic of zooarchaeological research, has gradually become basis for the study of prehistoric Nenjiang River Basin subsistence model since Liang Siyong discovered the bone tools of the Ang’angxi site in the 1930s. In the archaeological excavations of the Honghe site in 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2017, a significant number of artifacts dating back to the Neolithic Age and Bronze Age were recovered. A total of 343 well-preserved bone tools (including tools made of bone and antler) were collected. According to the analysis of these artifacts, the manufacturing process and retouching technology of them in two different periods were discovered, which may shed new light on economic model of prehistory residents, regional characteristics and other related issues.