蔚县盆地地处泥河湾盆地（广义）的东南端,是更新世人类活动的重要区域。2017-2018年,中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所等在盆地内开展系统的旧石器考古调查,新发现并确认了27处旧石器地点。相关地貌、地层对比显示,新地点年代可大致分为中更新世和晚更新世晚期两个阶段,文化遗物分别埋藏于泥河湾河湖相堆积和黄土堆积中。中更新世石制品类型包括石核、石片、石器和断块等,原料以火山岩为主,均采用锤击法进行剥片和修理石器;晚更新世晚期遗址包括石核、石片和细石叶等,原料以白云岩和燧石居多,火山岩次之,以硬锤锤击法为主要剥片技术,软锤技术少量发现。对石制品初步分析表明,蔚县盆地中更新世地点表现出了一套与阳原盆地早-中更新世不同的原料及石制品组合,且在蔚县盆地晚更新世晚期存在小型石片石器和细石器两种工业。本次调查扩大了泥河湾盆地古人类活动的地理范围与文化内涵,为揭示泥河湾盆地（广义）早期人类的迁徙与适应行为提供了有价值的线索。

Yuxian basin, as the important area occupied by early hominins during Pleistocene, is located in the southeast part of the Nihewan basin (senso lato). During 2017 and 2018, a new Paleolithic survey were conducted by the staff from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and related units and 27 new localities were discovered or confirmed. A total of 72 artifacts and 37 animal fossil fragments were recovered from the strata. According to the geomorphological and stratigraphic comparison among the Nihewan basin, the new localities can be assigned to two stages of Middle Pleistocene and late Upper Pleistocene which corresponded to Nihewan lacustrine sediments and loess respectively. Typologically, the artifacts of Middle Pleistocene include cores, flakes, tools and debris, and the raw materials are dominated by volcanic rocks, hard hammer knapping strategy was used for the core reduction. The artifacts of the late Upper Pleistocene are mainly made by dolomite and chert, hard hammer technology and soft hammer technology were both used by early hominins. It should be noted that the knapping strategy of Middle Pleistocene presents a different technological system compared to the same period of northeast part of the Nihewan basin. Moreover, small flake tool tradition and micro-blade technology were both existed in the Yuxian basin during late Upper Pleistocene.The new survey enriched the information and territory of early hominins occupation in the Nihewan basin (senso lato), and also support the valuable clues for interpreting the dispersal and adapted behaviors adopted by early hominins in the Yuxian basin.