大辛庄遗址位于济南市历城区大辛庄村,是山东省内已知面积最大的一处商代遗址,甲骨文及其他丰富遗存的出土对于鲁北及整个山东地区商文化研究具有重要意义。本文主要从人骨的牙齿健康状况入手,对济南大辛庄商代遗址2003、2010年出土的45例人骨标本的牙病情况,尤其是龋病、牙周病、牙结石以及牙齿磨耗情况进行统计与分析,得知大辛遗址商代人群牙齿疾病的基本情况：1)牙结石的出现率男女之间存在明显的性别差异,除此之外其他牙病在罹患率的性别分组上的差异不显著,但均为女性的罹患率要高于男性;2)牙病的罹患率在年龄分组上存在显著差异,随年龄的增长罹患牙病的风险增高;3)龋病、牙周病及牙结石多好发于臼齿;4)重度磨耗牙齿患牙病的风险增加,牙周病表现尤为明显;5)牙病的罹患率不仅受到性别、年龄、牙位以及齿冠磨耗程度的影响,而且与大辛庄商代人群农业经济发展的食物结构有关。

The Daxinzhuang site, located in the Daxinzhuang village of Licheng district of Jinan city. It’s known as the largest remains of Shang dynasty in Shandong, and the discovery of oracle bone scripts and other abundant remains which have a great significance to the study of Shang culture in Shandong province. This paper described the incidence of observable dental diseases in a sample of 45 individuals from 2003 and 2010 in the Daxinzhuang site of Shang Dynasty. Especially of the discuss of dental caries, periodontal disease, dental calculus and tooth wear. The results of statistical analysis indicate the following patterns: 1) There was no significant difference of dental diseases rates found between males and females but dental calculus, and females have higher rates of dental diseases than males as a whole. 2) There was a significant difference of the dental diseases rates in the age group, and the risk of dental diseases increases with age. 3) Dental caries, periodontal disease, and dental calculus were frequently found in molars; 4) Rate of dental diseases associated with tooth wear. Severely tooth wear has an increased risk of dental diseases, especially in periodontal disease; 5) The incidence of dental diseases is not only affected by gender, age, tooth position, and the degree of tooth wear, but also associated with the food structure of the agricultural economic development of the ancient inhabitants of Shang dynasty of Daxinzhuang site.