综述

中国缠足骨骼的形态及其影响因素

  • 李海军 ,
  • 杨筱雨 ,
  • 肖小勇
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  • 中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院,北京 100081
李海军,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为体质人类学和骨骼考古学。E-mail: lindavy@163.com

收稿日期: 2023-07-18

  修回日期: 2024-01-19

  网络出版日期: 2024-06-04

基金资助

国家社科基金资助项目(19BKG039);国家社科基金资助项目(19VJX066)

Morphology and influencing factors of Chinese foot binding bones

  • LI Haijun ,
  • YANG Xiaoyu ,
  • XIAO Xiaoyong
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  • School of Ethnology and Sociology, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081

Received date: 2023-07-18

  Revised date: 2024-01-19

  Online published: 2024-06-04

摘要

足是人体的重要器官之一,其形态与年龄、性别、运动方式等因素有关,并可能受到文化习俗的影响。缠足是中国古代封建社会特有的一种人为足部变形行为,会导致女性足骨出现严重畸形,缠足行为在中国历史上延续了很长时间,并在一定程度上反映出古代女性的社会生活及地位等。目前关于缠足的研究主要集中在缠足的骨骼形态、病理特征、时代和地域差异、影响因素等方面。对缠足进行研究有利于了解古代社会的风俗习惯和女性社会地位的历史变迁。本文通过梳理和归纳相关文献的研究数据和结论,对缠足骨骼形态变化的研究进展和足部骨骼相关参数的测量方法等进行了简要概述,并对国内缠足研究作简要展望。

本文引用格式

李海军 , 杨筱雨 , 肖小勇 . 中国缠足骨骼的形态及其影响因素[J]. 人类学学报, 2024 , 43(03) : 488 -501 . DOI: 10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2024.0027

Abstract

Foot is an important organ that supports human movement and its shape is influenced by factors such as age, gender, movement patterns, and some specific cultural practices. Foot-binding, as a kind of artificial foot deformation behavior unique to the ancient feudal society of China, has continued for a long time in the history of China, reflecting the social life and status of women in ancient times. Studies of variation in foot morphology due to foot-binding mainly include the followings below: Skeletal variation in foot-binding, changing times, geographical differences and pathological phenomena caused by foot-binding, and the influence of age, duration, and sociocultural factors on skeletal morphological variation in foot-binding.

Foot-binding has caused great harm to women's physical and mental health, but as a historical and social phenomenon, it reflects the cultural, aesthetic and ethical concepts as well as changes in the status of women in ancient Chinese society. In the field of medicine, analysing the pathologies caused by footbinding can improve the study of bone and joint disorders of the foot and reveal the impact of footbinding on women’s health and quality of life. In the field of history, the study of footbinding is conducive to restoring the history of women’s footbinding and women’s life in ancient China, which can further reveal the picture of the life of the whole ancient society. In the field of archaeology, knowledge of the morphological characteristics of entangled foot bones facilitates the study of skeletal and gender archaeology

Overall, this article provides a brief overview of foot-binding research and the measurement of relevant parameters of the foot skeleton by reviewing and summing up data and findings from the relevant literature. And it also provides a brief review and outlook on domestic foot-binding research.

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