研究论文

不同运动项目大学生骨密度差异分析

  • 梁芝栋 ,
  • 马盼 ,
  • 梁佳芝
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  • 1.郑州工商学院体育学院,郑州 451400
    2.漯河职业技术学院基础教育部,漯河 462002
    3.河南省职工医院放射科,郑州 450002
梁芝栋,博士研究生,副教授,主要研究方向为运动康复。E-mail: liangzhi_dong@163.com

收稿日期: 2023-05-24

  修回日期: 2023-11-12

  网络出版日期: 2024-08-13

基金资助

2024年河南省教育厅人文社会科学研究一般项目(2024-ZDJH-530)

Difference analysis of bone mineral density of college students in different sport projects

  • LIANG Zhidong ,
  • MA Pan ,
  • LIANG Jiazhi
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  • 1. Physical Education Department of Zhengzhou Business University, Zhengzhou 451400
    2. Basic Education Department of Luohe Vocational Technology College, Luohe 462002
    3. Radiology Department of Henan Staff Hospital, Zhengzhou 450002

Received date: 2023-05-24

  Revised date: 2023-11-12

  Online published: 2024-08-13

摘要

本文通过比较分析不同运动项目大学生骨密度的差异,证实运动可以有效地提升大学生的骨密度。在郑州市5所高校共招募研究对象500人,根据其运动专项分别命名篮球组、排球组、足球组、羽毛球组、乒乓球组、网球组、健美操组、体育舞蹈组、武术组和对照组,各组均为50人,男女各半。采用双能X射线测量其第1-4腰椎椎体(L1-L4)、髋部的股骨颈和全髋的骨密度。结果显示,各组骨密度均为男生高于女生(P<0.05);男生和女生L1-L4和股骨颈骨密度均为篮球组、排球组、羽毛球组和健美操组高于武术组、足球组、体育舞蹈组和乒乓球组,以上各组和网球组又均高于对照组(P<0.05);男生和女生全髋骨密度均为排球组、网球组、篮球组、羽毛球组和足球组高于武术组、体育舞蹈组和乒乓球组,以上各组和健美操组又均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结果提示,以上运动项目均能够提高大学生的骨密度;不同运动项目可能对大学生腰椎或髋部骨密度的影响程度不同,其中篮球、排球和羽毛球的影响效果相对较好。

本文引用格式

梁芝栋 , 马盼 , 梁佳芝 . 不同运动项目大学生骨密度差异分析[J]. 人类学学报, 2024 , 43(04) : 648 -656 . DOI: 10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2024.0066

Abstract

By comparing and analyzing the differences in bone mineral density of college students in different sports, this paper confirms the effective sports for improving bone mineral density of college students. A total of 500 subjects were recruited from 5 universities in Zhengzhou city by the methods of stratified sampling and simple random sampling. According to their sports specialties, they were respectively named the basketball group, volleyball group, football group, badminton group, table tennis group, tennis group, aerobics group, sports dance group, wushu group and control group. Each group had 50 people, half male and half female. The subjects are all from Henan province and are of Han nationality. The bone mineral density of the 1-4 lumbar vertebrae (L1-L4), the femoral neck of the hip, and the whole hip were measured by dual-energy X-rays. SPSS 20.0 was used for statistical analysis of the obtained data. The comparison between genders was performed by t test of independent samples, the comparison between groups was performed by F test, and the multiple comparisons after the event were performed by the S-N-K method. The results showed that there were gender differences in bone mineral density in all groups. Specifically, the bone mineral density of L1-L4, femoral neck and total hip of male students was higher than that of female students, and the above differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The male and female L1-L4, femoral neck and total hip bone mineral density showed significant differences between groups (P<0.05). The bone mineral density of male and female L1-L4 and femoral neck in the basketball group, volleyball group, badminton group and aerobics group was higher than that in the wushu group, football group, dance sports group and table tennis group, and the above groups and the tennis group were higher than the control group (P<0.05). The total hip bone mineral density of boys and girls in the volleyball group, tennis group, basketball group, badminton group and football group was higher than that in the wushu group, sports dance group and table tennis group, and the above groups and the aerobics group were higher than the control group (P<0.05). The results suggest that basketball, volleyball, football, badminton, table tennis, tennis, aerobics, sports dance and wushu sports can improve the bone mineral density of college students, and different sports may have different effects on the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine or hip, among which basketball, volleyball and badminton have relatively better effects.

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