本文对元谋猿人遗址大哺乳动物群在属一级层面上与中国不同时代和地点的早更新世大哺乳动物群进行了相似程度比较分析，旨在讨论中国早更新世大哺乳动物群的动物地理格局。分析结果显示，元谋猿人遗址动物群与中国南方早更新世各个地点动物群的相似度总体高于北方，与早更新世早期动物群的相似度总体高于早更新世晚期动物群。这进一步表明，地理位置是影响大哺乳动物迁徙和交流的重要因素，而发生在关键时期的环境事件是动物群发生显著成分改变的重要因素。在本文选取的所有地点中，位于南方的驼子洞与元谋人遗址动物群相似度较低，位于北方的公王岭与元谋人遗址动物群相似度较高，表明这两个地点由于特殊的环境条件成为了南北方动物交会杂居的地区。对本文涉及的各个地点动物群组分的对比显示，元谋猿人遗址动物群的生存环境存在更大比例的灌丛草地，相比其他地点更加开阔，从而导致元谋猿人遗址动物群的组分与典型的早更新世东洋界动物群略有不同。

Homo erectus yuanmouensis is renowned as the earliest hominin discovered in China and has attracted global scholarly interest regarding its physical evolution and cultural aspects. Since its initial discovery, multiple excavations have been carried out by institutions such as the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Beijing Museum of Natural History. These efforts have yielded a rich diversity of vertebrate fossils at the Yuanmou Hominin site. The most recent excavation began in July 2023, led by the Yunnan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology. Across all excavation seasons, the fossil mammalian assemblage identified so far comprises 4 orders, 13 families, 26 genera, and 30 species. Among these, Homotherium crenatidens, Megaviverra pleistocaenica, Ailuropoda melanoleuca, and Tapirus sp. represent the first recorded occurrences at the Yuanmou Hominin site. Notably, the latter two are typical taxa of the Ailuropoda-Stegodon fauna found in southern China. This study has analyzed the genus-level resemblance between the Yuanmou hominin site fauna and other early Pleistocene faunas from different locations and ages in China, aiming to discuss the zoogeographic pattern of Early Pleistocene large mammalian faunas in China. The results indicate that the Yuanmou hominin site fauna, being a mammalian fauna in the early stage of the Early Pleistocene in southern China, shows a higher degree of resemblance with faunas from southern China in general, compared to those from northern China, and a higher degree of resemblance with faunas in the early stage of the Early Pleistocene, compared to those in the late stage of the Early Pleistocene. This suggests that geographic location is a significant factor influencing the dispersal and exchange of large mammals, and that the composition of mammalian fauna would shift due to environmental events in critical periods. In the analysis of all the localities in this study, Tuozidong fauna in southern China had less similarity with Yuanmou hominin site fauna, in contrast, Gongwangling fauna in northern China had more similarity with Yuanmou hominin site fauna, which indicating that due to their special environments, exchange and co-residence of mammals from southern and northern China had occurred in these two localities. Based on the comparison of all the localities in this study, it is found that there was a higher proportion of shrubby grassland in the area around the Yuanmou hominin site, making the habitat of the fauna more open than those in other localities, which has led to the minor difference between the Yuanmou hominin site fauna and the typical mammalian faunas from Oriental realm in the Early Pleistocene.