Acta Anthropologica Sinica ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (01): 30-41.doi: 10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2019.0031
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ZHANG Peiqi1,2,3, ZHANG Xiaoling1,2,*(), Sam LIN4, GUO Jialong5, WANG Huimin5, Nicolas ZWYNS3, PENG Fei6,*(
), GAO Xing1,2,7
Received:
2017-02-21
Online:
2020-02-15
Published:
2020-07-17
Contact:
ZHANG Xiaoling,PENG Fei
E-mail:zhangxiaoling@ivpp.ac.cn;pengfei@ivpp.ac.cn
CLC Number:
ZHANG Peiqi, ZHANG Xiaoling, Sam LIN, GUO Jialong, WANG Huimin, Nicolas ZWYNS, PENG Fei, GAO Xing. A preliminary analysis of the stone artifacts from the 2014~2015 excavation of Shuidonggou Locality 2, Ningxia Autonomous Region[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2020, 39(01): 30-41.
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URL: https://www.anthropol.ac.cn/EN/10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2019.0031
类型Class→ 层位Layer↓ | 石核Core | 石片Flake | 石锤Hammer | 备料 Manuport | 断块 Chunk | 工具 Tool | 总计Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CL1a | 40(8.2%) | 56 (11.5%) | \ | 42(8.6%) | 329(67.4%) | 21(4.3%) | 488 |
CL1b | 31(6.4%) | 217(44.7%) | 1(0.2%) | 17(3.5%) | 197(40.6%) | 22(4.5%) | 485 |
CL2 | 35(9.5%) | 136(36.9%) | \ | 13(3.5%) | 144(39.0%) | 41(11.1%) | 369 |
CL3 | 110(9.1%) | 331(27.5%) | 2(0.2%) | 46(3.8%) | 655(54.4%) | 61(5.1%) | 1205 |
CL5 | 18(12.3%) | 20(13.7%) | \ | 30(20.5%) | 68(46.6%) | 10(6.8%) | 146 |
CL6 | 1(8.3%) | \ | \ | 6(50%) | 5(41.7%) | \ | 12 |
CL7 | 2(11.1%) | 1(5.6%) | \ | 5(27.8%) | 10(55.6%) | \ | 18 |
合计Total | 237(8.7%) | 761(27.9%) | 3(0.1%) | 159(5.8%) | 1408(51.7%) | 155(25.7%) | 2723 |
Tab.1 Counts of stone artifacts among the cultural layers at T3, SDG2
类型Class→ 层位Layer↓ | 石核Core | 石片Flake | 石锤Hammer | 备料 Manuport | 断块 Chunk | 工具 Tool | 总计Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CL1a | 40(8.2%) | 56 (11.5%) | \ | 42(8.6%) | 329(67.4%) | 21(4.3%) | 488 |
CL1b | 31(6.4%) | 217(44.7%) | 1(0.2%) | 17(3.5%) | 197(40.6%) | 22(4.5%) | 485 |
CL2 | 35(9.5%) | 136(36.9%) | \ | 13(3.5%) | 144(39.0%) | 41(11.1%) | 369 |
CL3 | 110(9.1%) | 331(27.5%) | 2(0.2%) | 46(3.8%) | 655(54.4%) | 61(5.1%) | 1205 |
CL5 | 18(12.3%) | 20(13.7%) | \ | 30(20.5%) | 68(46.6%) | 10(6.8%) | 146 |
CL6 | 1(8.3%) | \ | \ | 6(50%) | 5(41.7%) | \ | 12 |
CL7 | 2(11.1%) | 1(5.6%) | \ | 5(27.8%) | 10(55.6%) | \ | 18 |
合计Total | 237(8.7%) | 761(27.9%) | 3(0.1%) | 159(5.8%) | 1408(51.7%) | 155(25.7%) | 2723 |
原料Raw material→ 层位Layer↓ | 燧石Chert | 硅质白云岩Siliceous limestone | 石英岩Quartzite | 石英砂岩Sandstone | 石英Quartze | 未知N/A |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CL1a | 145(29.7%) | 175(35.9%) | 80(16.4%) | 76(15.6%) | 7(1.4%) | 5(1%) |
CL1b | 71(14.6%) | 80(16.5%) | 174(35.9%) | 115(23.7%) | 5(1%) | 40(8.2%) |
CL2 | 98(26.6%) | 156(42.3%) | 66(17.9%) | 45(12.2%) | 2(0.54%) | 2(0.54%) |
CL3 | 422(35%) | 493(40.9%) | 130(10.8%) | 122(10.1%) | 29(2.4%) | 9(0.7%) |
CL5 | 15(10.3%) | 66(45.2%) | 38(26%) | 23(15.7%) | 2(1.3%) | 2(1.3%) |
CL6 | 1(8.3%) | 4(33.3%) | 4(33.3%) | 2(16.7%) | \ | 1(8.3%) |
CL7 | \ | 6(33.3%) | 9(50%) | 2(11.1%) | \ | 1(5.6%) |
合计Total | 752(27.6%) | 980(36%) | 501(18.4%) | 385(14.1%) | 45(1.6%) | 60(2.2%) |
原料Raw material→ 层位Layer↓ | 燧石Chert | 硅质白云岩Siliceous limestone | 石英岩Quartzite | 石英砂岩Sandstone | 石英Quartze | 未知N/A |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CL1a | 145(29.7%) | 175(35.9%) | 80(16.4%) | 76(15.6%) | 7(1.4%) | 5(1%) |
CL1b | 71(14.6%) | 80(16.5%) | 174(35.9%) | 115(23.7%) | 5(1%) | 40(8.2%) |
CL2 | 98(26.6%) | 156(42.3%) | 66(17.9%) | 45(12.2%) | 2(0.54%) | 2(0.54%) |
CL3 | 422(35%) | 493(40.9%) | 130(10.8%) | 122(10.1%) | 29(2.4%) | 9(0.7%) |
CL5 | 15(10.3%) | 66(45.2%) | 38(26%) | 23(15.7%) | 2(1.3%) | 2(1.3%) |
CL6 | 1(8.3%) | 4(33.3%) | 4(33.3%) | 2(16.7%) | \ | 1(8.3%) |
CL7 | \ | 6(33.3%) | 9(50%) | 2(11.1%) | \ | 1(5.6%) |
合计Total | 752(27.6%) | 980(36%) | 501(18.4%) | 385(14.1%) | 45(1.6%) | 60(2.2%) |
类型Typology→ 原料Raw material↓ | 石片 Flake | 石核 Core | 断块 Chunk | 备料 Manuport | 工具 Tool | 石锤 Hammer |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
燧石Chert | 184(24.5%) | 87(11.6%) | 390(51.9%) | 25(3.3%) | 66(8.8%) | \ |
硅质白云岩Siliceous Limestone | 258(26.3%) | 71(7.2%) | 514(52.4%) | 92(9.4%) | 43(4.4%) | 2(0.2%) |
石英岩Quartzite | 221(44.1%) | 56(11.2%) | 171(34.1%) | 14(2.8%) | 38(7.6%) | 1(0.2%) |
石英砂岩Sandstone | 55(14.3%) | 21(5.5%) | 281(73.0%) | 25(6.5%) | 3(0.8%) | \ |
石英Quartz | 14(31.1%) | 2(4.4%) | 24(53.3%) | 1(2.2%) | 4(8.9%) | \ |
未知N/A | 29(48.3%) | \ | 28(46.7%) | 2(3.3%) | 1(1.7%) | \ |
合计Total | 761 (27.9%) | 237 (8.7%) | 1408(51.7%) | 159(5.8%) | 155(5.7%) | 3(0.1%) |
Tab.3 Raw material distribution across stone artefact types
类型Typology→ 原料Raw material↓ | 石片 Flake | 石核 Core | 断块 Chunk | 备料 Manuport | 工具 Tool | 石锤 Hammer |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
燧石Chert | 184(24.5%) | 87(11.6%) | 390(51.9%) | 25(3.3%) | 66(8.8%) | \ |
硅质白云岩Siliceous Limestone | 258(26.3%) | 71(7.2%) | 514(52.4%) | 92(9.4%) | 43(4.4%) | 2(0.2%) |
石英岩Quartzite | 221(44.1%) | 56(11.2%) | 171(34.1%) | 14(2.8%) | 38(7.6%) | 1(0.2%) |
石英砂岩Sandstone | 55(14.3%) | 21(5.5%) | 281(73.0%) | 25(6.5%) | 3(0.8%) | \ |
石英Quartz | 14(31.1%) | 2(4.4%) | 24(53.3%) | 1(2.2%) | 4(8.9%) | \ |
未知N/A | 29(48.3%) | \ | 28(46.7%) | 2(3.3%) | 1(1.7%) | \ |
合计Total | 761 (27.9%) | 237 (8.7%) | 1408(51.7%) | 159(5.8%) | 155(5.7%) | 3(0.1%) |
台面Platform→ 文化层Layer↓ | 石皮Cortical | 自然节理 Natural | 素台面Plain | 脊状Dihedral | 修理Faceted | 破裂Broken | 线状Linear | 点状Punctiform |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CL1a | 7 | 0 | 19 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 5 |
CL1b | 29 | 2 | 79 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 5 |
CL2 | 11 | 13 | 50 | 4 | 8 | 9 | 13 | 4 |
CL3 | 62 | 27 | 135 | 3 | 8 | 6 | 14 | 7 |
CL5 | 2 | 5 | 5 | - | 1 | - | - | - |
CL7 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - |
合计Total | 111 | 47 | 289 | 13 | 18 | 17 | 40 | 21 |
Tab.4 Frequencies of different flake platform types across cultural layers
台面Platform→ 文化层Layer↓ | 石皮Cortical | 自然节理 Natural | 素台面Plain | 脊状Dihedral | 修理Faceted | 破裂Broken | 线状Linear | 点状Punctiform |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CL1a | 7 | 0 | 19 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 5 |
CL1b | 29 | 2 | 79 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 5 |
CL2 | 11 | 13 | 50 | 4 | 8 | 9 | 13 | 4 |
CL3 | 62 | 27 | 135 | 3 | 8 | 6 | 14 | 7 |
CL5 | 2 | 5 | 5 | - | 1 | - | - | - |
CL7 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - |
合计Total | 111 | 47 | 289 | 13 | 18 | 17 | 40 | 21 |
Fig.3 The comparison of the maximum length and maximum width of cores, and the maximum exploitable length of the core striking axis by cultural layers
类型Typology→ 文化层Layer↓ | 边刮器 Side-scraper | 端刮器 End-scraper | 凹缺器Notch | 尖状器 Point | 楔形器 Pièces esquillées | 锯齿刃器Denticulate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1a 1b | 12 10 | 2 1 | \ 4 | 1 1 | 2 2 | \ \ |
2 | 19 | 3 | 3 | \ | 1 | \ |
3 | 37 | 4 | 7 | 1 | 1 | \ |
5 | 8 | \ | 1 | \ | 1 | \ |
合计Total | 86 | 10 | 15 | 3 | 7 | 1 |
Tab.5 Frequencies of different tool types across cultural layer
类型Typology→ 文化层Layer↓ | 边刮器 Side-scraper | 端刮器 End-scraper | 凹缺器Notch | 尖状器 Point | 楔形器 Pièces esquillées | 锯齿刃器Denticulate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1a 1b | 12 10 | 2 1 | \ 4 | 1 1 | 2 2 | \ \ |
2 | 19 | 3 | 3 | \ | 1 | \ |
3 | 37 | 4 | 7 | 1 | 1 | \ |
5 | 8 | \ | 1 | \ | 1 | \ |
合计Total | 86 | 10 | 15 | 3 | 7 | 1 |
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