A study of Weizang and Kham Tibetans’ somatotype by Heath-Carter method

doi:10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2020.0038

Abstract

Abstract:

The somatotypes of 400 Kham Tibetan adults in Diqing of Yunnan Province and 507 Weizang Tibetan adults in Linzhi of Tibet were studied by the Heath-Carter method. Both Weizang Tibetan males(5.0-6.2-1.1) and Kham Tibetan males(4.4-5.1-1.6) are endomorphic mesomorph. Both Weizang Tibetan females (5.7-6.1-0.8) and Kham Tibetan females(5.6-5.7-1.1) are endomorph mesomorph. In general, the Tibetans of Weizang and Kham have the same somatotype, and there are also differences. The Weizang and Kham Tibetans have low linearity, strong bones and muscles, and higher body fat. The Weizang Tibetans have more fat, stronger muscles and bones, and fuller body than Kham Tibetans. From the perspective of the Tibetan origin and the living environment, this article explores the similarities and differences of somatotypes between the Weizang and Kham Tibetans, and the reasons for the differences of somatotypes between ethnic groups living at high altitudes. The research results suggest that the Tibetans have the somatotype characteristics of Chinese northern ethnic groups. The somatotype characteristics of fleshy body fat, strong skeletal muscles and stout bodies of Tibetans are also adapted to the plateau environment.

Key words: Heath-Carter, Anthropometry, Tibetan, Weizang, Kham

CLC Number:

K871.11

BAO Jinping, YU Keli, LI Yonglan, LI Chong, ZHANG Xinghua, ZHENG Lianbin. A study of Weizang and Kham Tibetans’ somatotype by Heath-Carter method[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2021, 40(05): 834-846.

Figures/Tables 10

References 37

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族群Ethnic groups	男性male						女性female
族群Ethnic groups	年龄Age	人数n	体型均值Mean somatotypes	HWR	SAM	t	年龄Age	人数n	体型均值Mean somatotypes	HWR	SAM	t
卫藏藏族Weizang	20s	32	4.5-5.5-1.8(1.2-1.1-1.2)	41.3	2.0	2.9**	20s	37	5.5-4.8-1.4(0.7-1.0-0.9)	40.7	1.9	2.3*
	30s	54	5.1-5.9-1.2(1.1-1.1-1)	40.2	1.6	2.1*	30s	59	5.4-5.5-1.2(1.1-1.3-1)	40	1.9	1.5
	40s	59	5.2-6.2-0.9(0.9-0.9-0.7)	39.7	1.3	2.7**	40s	48	5.8-6.2-0.6(0.9-1.3-0.8)	38.8	1.5	1.8
	50s	67	5.1-6.8-0.8(1.1-1.1-0.8)	39.4	1.6	3.8**	50s	65	5.9-6.7-0.5(0.9-1.5-0.7)	38.3	1.6	1.6
	60s以上	48	5.0-6.5-1.1(1.3-1.2-1.1)	39.8	2.0	3.2**	60s以上	38	5.7-7.0-0.5(1.0-1.6-0.8)	38.2	1.9	2.4*
	Total	260	5.0-6.2-1.1 (1.1-1.2-1.0)	39.9	1.7	7.1**	Total	247	5.7-6.1-0.8 (0.9-1.6-0.9)	39.1	1.7	2.5*
康巴藏族Kham	20s	30	3.8-4.2-2.8 (1.2-1.2-1.4)	42.8	2.4		20s	27	4.8-3.8-2.5 (0.9-1.3-1.3)	42.3	2.8
	30s	24	4.6-5.2-1.3 (0.8-0.9-0.7)	40.6	1.3		30s	26	5.5-4.8-1.5 (1.0-1.6-1.2)	40.9	2.0
	40s	28	4.5-5.4-1.3 (1.3-1.0-1.2)	40.3	1.8		40s	48	5.6-5.7-1.1 (1.2-1.4-1.1)	39.8	1.8
	50s	32	4.6-5.4-1.1 (0.9-1.0-1.0)	40.1	1.6		50s	69	6.2-6.3-0.6 (0.8-1.1-0.7)	38.8	1.6
	60s以上	46	4.4-5.4-1.6 (1.1-1.1-1.2)	40.9	1.8		60s以上	70	5.6-6.1-0.8 (1.3-1.2-0.8)	39.2	1.7
	Total	160	4.4-5.1-1.6 (1.1-1.1-1.3)	40.9	1.8		Total	240	5.6-5.7-1.1 (1.1-1.5-1.1)	39.7	1.9

族群Ethnic groups	男性male						女性female
族群Ethnic groups	年龄Age	人数n	体型均值Mean somatotypes	HWR	SAM	t	年龄Age	人数n	体型均值Mean somatotypes	HWR	SAM	t
卫藏藏族Weizang	20s	32	4.5-5.5-1.8(1.2-1.1-1.2)	41.3	2.0	2.9**	20s	37	5.5-4.8-1.4(0.7-1.0-0.9)	40.7	1.9	2.3*
	30s	54	5.1-5.9-1.2(1.1-1.1-1)	40.2	1.6	2.1*	30s	59	5.4-5.5-1.2(1.1-1.3-1)	40	1.9	1.5
	40s	59	5.2-6.2-0.9(0.9-0.9-0.7)	39.7	1.3	2.7**	40s	48	5.8-6.2-0.6(0.9-1.3-0.8)	38.8	1.5	1.8
	50s	67	5.1-6.8-0.8(1.1-1.1-0.8)	39.4	1.6	3.8**	50s	65	5.9-6.7-0.5(0.9-1.5-0.7)	38.3	1.6	1.6
	60s以上	48	5.0-6.5-1.1(1.3-1.2-1.1)	39.8	2.0	3.2**	60s以上	38	5.7-7.0-0.5(1.0-1.6-0.8)	38.2	1.9	2.4*
	Total	260	5.0-6.2-1.1 (1.1-1.2-1.0)	39.9	1.7	7.1**	Total	247	5.7-6.1-0.8 (0.9-1.6-0.9)	39.1	1.7	2.5*
康巴藏族Kham	20s	30	3.8-4.2-2.8 (1.2-1.2-1.4)	42.8	2.4		20s	27	4.8-3.8-2.5 (0.9-1.3-1.3)	42.3	2.8
	30s	24	4.6-5.2-1.3 (0.8-0.9-0.7)	40.6	1.3		30s	26	5.5-4.8-1.5 (1.0-1.6-1.2)	40.9	2.0
	40s	28	4.5-5.4-1.3 (1.3-1.0-1.2)	40.3	1.8		40s	48	5.6-5.7-1.1 (1.2-1.4-1.1)	39.8	1.8
	50s	32	4.6-5.4-1.1 (0.9-1.0-1.0)	40.1	1.6		50s	69	6.2-6.3-0.6 (0.8-1.1-0.7)	38.8	1.6
	60s以上	46	4.4-5.4-1.6 (1.1-1.1-1.2)	40.9	1.8		60s以上	70	5.6-6.1-0.8 (1.3-1.2-0.8)	39.2	1.7
	Total	160	4.4-5.1-1.6 (1.1-1.1-1.3)	40.9	1.8		Total	240	5.6-5.7-1.1 (1.1-1.5-1.1)	39.7	1.9

年龄Age	卫藏藏族Weizang			康巴藏族Kham
年龄Age	SAD	t	p	SAD	t	p
20s	1.22	2.3	<0.05	1.1	1.44	>0.05
30s	0.53	1.49	>0.05	1.0	1.76	>0.05
40s	0.68	2.05	<0.05	1.12	2.23	<0.05
50s	0.78	2.34	<0.05	1.87	4.88	<0.01
60s以上	1.06	2.21	<0.05	1.59	4.23	<0.01

年龄Age	卫藏藏族Weizang			康巴藏族Kham
年龄Age	SAD	t	p	SAD	t	p
20s	1.22	2.3	<0.05	1.1	1.44	>0.05
30s	0.53	1.49	>0.05	1.0	1.76	>0.05
40s	0.68	2.05	<0.05	1.12	2.23	<0.05
50s	0.78	2.34	<0.05	1.87	4.88	<0.01
60s以上	1.06	2.21	<0.05	1.59	4.23	<0.01

族群 Ethnic groups	项目 variable	男（male）		女（female）
族群 Ethnic groups	项目 variable	方差F	多重比较LSD	方差F	多重比较LSD
卫藏藏族 Weizang	内因子endomorphy	2.171	abc	2.511*	cef
	中因子mesomorphy	9.650**	bcdfgh	18.565**	abcdefghi
	外因子ectomorphy	6.922**	abcdf	12.505**	bcdefg
康巴藏族 kham	内因子endomorphy	2.888*	abcd	8.357**	abcdfhj
	中因子mesomorphy	8.500**	abcd	23.572**	abcdefgh
	外因子ectomorphy	10.411**	abcd	21.560**	abcdfgh