关键词: 现代人头骨; 投影栅相位法; 面部特征; 华北; 云南; 欧洲

Abstract: This paper quantitatively analyzed some of the facial features on groups of modern human skulls with the Phase-approaching method of project grating.The sample includes 75 modern Chinese skulls ( 50 from Yunnan [male 26, female 24], 25 from Huabei [Northern China] [ male] ) and 26 modern European skulls ( male 16, female 10). The following results could be drawn.
1.The sexual difference is primarily shown in the linear measurements, which are greater in males than females in both the Yunnan and European skulls.
2.The Chinese Huabei skulls are greater than the Chinese Yunnan skulls in the mid-facial width, up- per facial height ( and its index), the subtense from ” sd” to ” zm-zm” and the ratio of ” fmo- fmo zy-zy”.Its middle face is less flat than that of Yunnan skulls. The antero-lateral surface of the fronto-sphenoidal process of the zygomatic bone faces more anteriorly in the Chinese Huabei skulls than Yunnan ones.
3.The upper face is narrower and flatter in the two groups of the Chinese skullsthan those of European ones. The antero-lateral surface of the fronto-sphenoidal process of the zygomatic bone faces more forward in the two groups of the Chinese skulls than that of the European skulls. The upper facial height and upper facial index are greater in the Chinese Huabei skulls than those of European ones. There is little difference in the upper-facial height and the upper-facial index of males between the Chinese Yunnan skulls and European ones.The upper facial index of females is greater in the Chinese Yunnan skulls than that in European ones.
This method could be a useful supplement to the traditional anthropological method.

Key words: Modern human skulls; The Phase-approaching method of project grating; Facial features; North China; Yunnan; Europe