关键词: 尼尔基水库;达斡尔;颅骨

Abstract: protect the relics in the Nierji Reservoir area, the Heilongjiang Provincial Institute of Archaeology excavated three cemeteries of the Daur, namely the Quanfa(2002-NQ), the Tuanjie(2002-NT) and the Tiegula(2004-NT) and found some human skulls. In this paper, 6 ancient human skulls (4 male, 2 female) unearthed from the Nierji Reservoir were studied. Due to the striking similarities of the three cemeteries, we can regard the cranias from these cemeteries as one human group to conduct anthropometrical research. According to the culture relics information, such as epigraphs, we guess that the cemeteries belong to the Qing Dynasty. According to the result, we can guess that the Daur cranias are the most similar to the North Asiatic Mongoloids group, and there are also some characteristics that resembles the Eastern Asiatic Mongoloids in anthropology. The morphological features of the Duar group crania show that they have close relationships with the ancient Khitan population in physical characteristics, and thus provide some important materials in studying the origin of the Daur people.

Key words: Nierji Reservoir; Daur; Human Skull