中国古代人群头骨的若干赤道人种特征检测

人类学学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (01): 36-42.

中国古代人群头骨的若干赤道人种特征检测

张银运;吴秀杰;刘武

出版日期:2016-03-15 发布日期:2016-03-15

An Examination of Equatorial Racial Characters in Ancient Human Skulls of China

ZHANG Yinyun, WU Xiujie, LIU Wu

Online:2016-03-15 Published:2016-03-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨中国大陆古代人群与赤道人种人群之间的基因交流情况,本项研究对赤道人种的若干特征在中国古代人群头骨中的出现情况作检测。检测的材料包括3800~1200年前生活在新疆、青海、宁夏和河南安阳的12组人群的头骨以及现代华北和云南的人类头骨。结果表明:1)赤道人种若干特征能够在我国古代多个地区的人群中和现代华北和云南人群中检测到,表明中国大陆至少在3000~2000年前已存在赤道人种基因流入蒙古人种的人群之中的现象;2)赤道人种特征平均出现率在中国古代人群中很可能在地理上大致是由东向西递降,与当时这些人群中的欧亚人种特征平均出现率的地理上分布趋势呈相反方向,提示了在中国大陆至少在距今3000-2000年期间已经存在两个相反流向的外来"基因流"。

关键词: 古代人群;赤道人种特征;赤道人种与蒙古人种的基因交流;基因流

Abstract: To test gene exchange between Equatorial and Mongolian populations in ancient continental China, Equatorial racial characters are examined and average frequencies of Equatorial racial characters are calculated for each of 8 cranial sample groups in this study. The results indicate that: 1) Equatorial racial characters can be found in the samples from ancient and modern China , and gene exchange events occurred in ancient continent China as early as 3000~2000 years BP. 2) The average frequencies of Equatorial racial characters decrease in the ancient populations from eastern to western, and appear a reverse pattern when compared with their average frequencies of Eurasian racial characters. An overlapping model, opposite gene flows occurring during the periods of 3000~2000 BP, is proposed.

Key words: Ancient populations; Equatorial racial characters; Gene exchange between Equatorial and Mongolian populations; Gene flows

张银运;吴秀杰;刘武. 中国古代人群头骨的若干赤道人种特征检测[J]. 人类学学报, 2016, 35(01): 36-42.

ZHANG Yinyun, WU Xiujie, LIU Wu. An Examination of Equatorial Racial Characters in Ancient Human Skulls of China[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2016, 35(01): 36-42.