腊尔山区苗族学生头面部形态特征

doi:10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2021.0062

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本项目对1896例腊尔山区6~16岁苗族学生（男919例,女977例）进行了人体测量,测量了10项头面部形态指标,并根据公式计算13项头面部指数值。结果表明,苗族学生头面部各指标均值随年龄增长而增加,同年龄段头面部各指标均值男生一般高于女生,且多数年龄段差异有统计学意义;男性的头长宽的、形态面的、形态上面的、容貌面的、颧额宽的、容貌上面的和容貌上面高的指数以及女性的形态面的、形态上面的、容貌面的、颧下颌宽度的、容貌上面高的指数随年龄增长总体趋势是先增加后递减;男性头面高的以及女性的头长高的、头宽高的和头面宽的指数随年龄增长逐渐增加;男女性之间的头长高的、头宽高的和额顶宽的指数比较显示,多数年龄段差异有统计学意义;苗族学生头型以中头型、高头型、阔头型多见,面型以阔面型、阔上面型为主;相对于其他族群,腊尔山苗族男生面型短而宽,头型偏长,女生面型偏短,头型稍偏长而窄。腊尔山苗族学生头面部特征与融水苗族、土家族等族群较为接近,与哈萨克族、新乡汉族相距较远。

关键词: 苗族学生, 头面部, 腊尔山区, 人体测量法

Abstract:

Ten items of head facial characteristics of 1896 Miao primary and middle school students(919 males and 977 females)aged 6~16 in Lar mountain area were investigated by anthropometry method, and 13 cephalofacial index values were calculated by formula. The results were as follows: 1) The growth development in head and face of Miao students has following characteristics: The mean value of measuring items increased gradually with age, the mean values of head and face indicators of boys were higher than those of girls in the same age group, and there were significant difference in majority of age groups. 2) Overall, the values of length-breadth index of head, morphological facial index, morphological upper facial index, physiognomic facial index, zygomatic frontal index, physiognomic upper facial index, physiognomic upper facial height index of male students and morphological facial index, morphological upper facial index, physiognomic facial index, zygomatic mandibular index, physiognomic upper facial index of female students increased at first and then decreased with age. 3) The values of vertical cephalo-facial index of male students and length height index of head, breadth height index of head, transverse cephalo-facial index of female students increased gradually with age. 4) There were significant differences between the values of length height index of head, breadth height index of head, transverse frontoparietal index of male students and those of female students in majority of age groups. 5) Head shapes of Miao students of Lar Mountain area were characterized by mesocephaly, hypsicephalic and tapeinocephalic, and their facial types were mainly featured by euryprosopy and hypereuryen. 6) The results of the principal component showed that compared with other ethnic groups, the face type of boy was short and wide, and the head shape was long, while the face type of girl was shorter, and head type was longer and narrower of Miao ethnic group in Lar mountain. 7) The head and facial feature of Miao students in Lar Mountain is close to those of Tujia and Rongshui Miao, far away from Kazak and Han of Xinxiang.

Key words: Miao students, Head and face, Lar mountain area, Anthropometric method

中图分类号:

Q984

李文琴, 覃大保, 熊健, 张惠娟, 黄大元. 腊尔山区苗族学生头面部形态特征[J]. 人类学学报, 2022, 41(05): 862-874.

LI Wenqin, QIN Dabao, XIONG Jian, ZHANG Huijuan, HUANG Dayuan. Head facial characteristics of Miao students in Lar Mountain area[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2022, 41(05): 862-874.

图/表 9

参考文献 29

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性别Gender	年龄age	例数(n)	头长Head length	头宽Head breadth	面宽Face breadth	额最小宽Minimum breadth of forehead	下颌角间宽bigonial breadth	容貌面高I Physiognomic facial height	形态面高Morphological surface height	容貌上面高Physiognomic upper facial height	形态上面高Morphological upper surface height	头耳高Head and ear height
男M	6	49	17.40±0.45	13.71±0.88	12.40±0.42^*	11.09±0.60	9.61±0.49	15.84±0.52	9.73±0.55^*	6.40±0.27^**	5.72±0.33^*	10.79±0.46
	7	71	17.43±0.83	13.80±0.75	12.60±0.61	11.25±0.51	9.62±0.61	16.02±0.74	9.91±0.58	6.62±0.44	5.87±0.45	10.81±0.77
	8	97	17.56±0.61^*	14.02±0.63	12.42±0.85	11.26±0.57	9.73±0.53^**	16.08±0.80^*	9.94±0.56^**	6.70±0.51^**	5.92±0.48^**	10.90±0.71
	9	82	17.75±0.61	14.06±0.78	12.59±0.94	11.28±0.60	10.07±0.44	16.37±0.78	10.04±0.58^*	6.96±0.47	6.21±0.47	11.08±0.63
	10	82	17.81±0.79	14.11±0.54	12.78±0.71^**	11.33±0.62^*	10.10±0.44	16.59±0.80^*	10.47±0.63	7.00±0.49	6.26±0.47	11.13±0.65
	11	98	17.92±0.66	14.13±0.63	13.08±0.64^*	11.54±0.69	10.22±0.49^*	16.84±0.76^**	10.57±0.60^*	7.03±0.47^*	6.32±0.49	11.14±0.73
	12	120	17.96±0.70	14.14±0.60	13.25±0.60	11.62±0.60^*	10.39±0.52^*	17.22±0.89	10.74±0.64	7.18±0.45	6.37±0.46^*	11.17±0.72
	13	97	18.04±0.73	14.16±0.70^*	13.41±0.68^**	11.81±0.73^**	10.54±0.47^**	17.36±0.80^**	10.74±0.65^**	7.13±0.44^**	6.49±0.43	11.20±0.67
	14	77	18.21±0.69^*	14.39±0.64	13.86±0.61	12.11±0.64	10.84±0.54	17.74±0.82	11.15±0.66	7.35±0.47	6.52±0.43	11.22±0.84
	15	83	18.45±0.68	14.42±0.60	13.94±0.54^*	12.13±0.60	10.91±0.49^**	17.88±0.84	10.94±0.53^*	7.46±0.44	6.48±0.42^*	11.33±0.78
	16	63	18.46±0.66	14.48±0.80	14.19±0.59	12.15±0.66	11.17±0.48	18.09±0.95	11.32±0.54	7.48±0.40	6.62±0.38	11.58±0.79
女F	6	47	16.83±0.54^*+	13.41±0.86	12.15±0.51^＃	10.84±0.68^**	9.26±0.45⁺	15.67±0.58	9.57±0.52^＃	6.24±0.32^**+	5.59±0.31^*＃	10.07±0.93⁺
	7	69	17.11±0.69^＃	13.58±0.77	12.32±0.66^＃	11.19±0.63	9.36±0.51^**+	15.76±0.80^*＃	9.58±0.50^**+	6.55±0.51	5.78±0.53	10.27±0.86⁺
	8	72	17.25±0.57⁺	13.59±0.82⁺	12.31±0.84^*	11.22±0.60	9.62±0.60^*	16.03±0.85^*	9.86±0.53	6.58±0.40	5.83±0.38^*	10.41±0.90^*+
	9	93	17.27±0.57⁺	13.64±0.64⁺	12.54±0.55	11.21±0.65	9.81±0.53⁺	16.32±0.65^**	9.95±0.51^*	6.70±0.49^*+	5.98±0.52^*+	10.74±0.78^*+
	10	132	17.28±0.67⁺	13.77±0.60⁺	12.67±0.74	11.24±0.58	9.91±0.48^*+	16.63±0.86^*	10.16±0.59^*+	6.86±0.45^＃	6.11±0.44^＃	10.96±0.78
	11	115	17.40±0.68^*+	13.82±0.70⁺	12.69±0.80^**+	11.31±0.62^**＃	10.06±0.44^**＃	16.87±0.76^*	10.34±0.63^**+	6.86±0.43^**+	6.16±0.42^＃	11.13±0.72
	12	111	17.60±0.69⁺	13.84±0.87⁺	13.00±0.69^*+	11.65±0.71^*	10.24±0.48^**＃	17.14±0.78	10.62±0.67^＃	7.09±0.43	6.17±0.38⁺	11.19±0.83
	13	99	17.73±0.62⁺	13.88±0.81^＃	13.22±0.75^**	11.91±0.82	10.56±0.63	17.18±0.84	10.73±0.49	7.14±0.39	6.25±0.39⁺	11.27±0.71
	14	89	17.76±0.69⁺	13.97±0.85⁺	13.65±0.57^＃	12.02±0.64	10.72±0.53	17.40±1.07^＃	10.80±0.48⁺	7.07±0.40⁺	6.32±0.37⁺	11.39±0.92
	15	80	17.84±0.55⁺	14.05±0.65⁺	13.70±0.62⁺	12.17±0.69	10.78±0.51	17.47±0.63⁺	10.81±0.60^＃	7.12±0.46^**+	6.40±0.41^*	11.42±0.80
	16	70	17.85±0.53⁺	14.07±0.65⁺	13.83±0.63⁺	12.18±0.55	10.86±0.54⁺	17.68±0.73⁺	10.97±0.68⁺	7.35±0.37	6.57±0.41	11.49±0.83

性别Gender	年龄age	例数(n)	头长Head length	头宽Head breadth	面宽Face breadth	额最小宽Minimum breadth of forehead	下颌角间宽bigonial breadth	容貌面高I Physiognomic facial height	形态面高Morphological surface height	容貌上面高Physiognomic upper facial height	形态上面高Morphological upper surface height	头耳高Head and ear height
男M	6	49	17.40±0.45	13.71±0.88	12.40±0.42^*	11.09±0.60	9.61±0.49	15.84±0.52	9.73±0.55^*	6.40±0.27^**	5.72±0.33^*	10.79±0.46
	7	71	17.43±0.83	13.80±0.75	12.60±0.61	11.25±0.51	9.62±0.61	16.02±0.74	9.91±0.58	6.62±0.44	5.87±0.45	10.81±0.77
	8	97	17.56±0.61^*	14.02±0.63	12.42±0.85	11.26±0.57	9.73±0.53^**	16.08±0.80^*	9.94±0.56^**	6.70±0.51^**	5.92±0.48^**	10.90±0.71
	9	82	17.75±0.61	14.06±0.78	12.59±0.94	11.28±0.60	10.07±0.44	16.37±0.78	10.04±0.58^*	6.96±0.47	6.21±0.47	11.08±0.63
	10	82	17.81±0.79	14.11±0.54	12.78±0.71^**	11.33±0.62^*	10.10±0.44	16.59±0.80^*	10.47±0.63	7.00±0.49	6.26±0.47	11.13±0.65
	11	98	17.92±0.66	14.13±0.63	13.08±0.64^*	11.54±0.69	10.22±0.49^*	16.84±0.76^**	10.57±0.60^*	7.03±0.47^*	6.32±0.49	11.14±0.73
	12	120	17.96±0.70	14.14±0.60	13.25±0.60	11.62±0.60^*	10.39±0.52^*	17.22±0.89	10.74±0.64	7.18±0.45	6.37±0.46^*	11.17±0.72
	13	97	18.04±0.73	14.16±0.70^*	13.41±0.68^**	11.81±0.73^**	10.54±0.47^**	17.36±0.80^**	10.74±0.65^**	7.13±0.44^**	6.49±0.43	11.20±0.67
	14	77	18.21±0.69^*	14.39±0.64	13.86±0.61	12.11±0.64	10.84±0.54	17.74±0.82	11.15±0.66	7.35±0.47	6.52±0.43	11.22±0.84
	15	83	18.45±0.68	14.42±0.60	13.94±0.54^*	12.13±0.60	10.91±0.49^**	17.88±0.84	10.94±0.53^*	7.46±0.44	6.48±0.42^*	11.33±0.78
	16	63	18.46±0.66	14.48±0.80	14.19±0.59	12.15±0.66	11.17±0.48	18.09±0.95	11.32±0.54	7.48±0.40	6.62±0.38	11.58±0.79
女F	6	47	16.83±0.54^*+	13.41±0.86	12.15±0.51^＃	10.84±0.68^**	9.26±0.45⁺	15.67±0.58	9.57±0.52^＃	6.24±0.32^**+	5.59±0.31^*＃	10.07±0.93⁺
	7	69	17.11±0.69^＃	13.58±0.77	12.32±0.66^＃	11.19±0.63	9.36±0.51^**+	15.76±0.80^*＃	9.58±0.50^**+	6.55±0.51	5.78±0.53	10.27±0.86⁺
	8	72	17.25±0.57⁺	13.59±0.82⁺	12.31±0.84^*	11.22±0.60	9.62±0.60^*	16.03±0.85^*	9.86±0.53	6.58±0.40	5.83±0.38^*	10.41±0.90^*+
	9	93	17.27±0.57⁺	13.64±0.64⁺	12.54±0.55	11.21±0.65	9.81±0.53⁺	16.32±0.65^**	9.95±0.51^*	6.70±0.49^*+	5.98±0.52^*+	10.74±0.78^*+
	10	132	17.28±0.67⁺	13.77±0.60⁺	12.67±0.74	11.24±0.58	9.91±0.48^*+	16.63±0.86^*	10.16±0.59^*+	6.86±0.45^＃	6.11±0.44^＃	10.96±0.78
	11	115	17.40±0.68^*+	13.82±0.70⁺	12.69±0.80^**+	11.31±0.62^**＃	10.06±0.44^**＃	16.87±0.76^*	10.34±0.63^**+	6.86±0.43^**+	6.16±0.42^＃	11.13±0.72
	12	111	17.60±0.69⁺	13.84±0.87⁺	13.00±0.69^*+	11.65±0.71^*	10.24±0.48^**＃	17.14±0.78	10.62±0.67^＃	7.09±0.43	6.17±0.38⁺	11.19±0.83
	13	99	17.73±0.62⁺	13.88±0.81^＃	13.22±0.75^**	11.91±0.82	10.56±0.63	17.18±0.84	10.73±0.49	7.14±0.39	6.25±0.39⁺	11.27±0.71
	14	89	17.76±0.69⁺	13.97±0.85⁺	13.65±0.57^＃	12.02±0.64	10.72±0.53	17.40±1.07^＃	10.80±0.48⁺	7.07±0.40⁺	6.32±0.37⁺	11.39±0.92
	15	80	17.84±0.55⁺	14.05±0.65⁺	13.70±0.62⁺	12.17±0.69	10.78±0.51	17.47±0.63⁺	10.81±0.60^＃	7.12±0.46^**+	6.40±0.41^*	11.42±0.80
	16	70	17.85±0.53⁺	14.07±0.65⁺	13.83±0.63⁺	12.18±0.55	10.86±0.54⁺	17.68±0.73⁺	10.97±0.68⁺	7.35±0.37	6.57±0.41	11.49±0.83

性别Gender	年龄age (a)	头长宽指数Length-breadth index of head (b_h/l_h)	头长高指数Length-Height index of head (h_a/l_h)	头宽高指数Breadth-Height index of head (h_a/b_h)	额顶宽指数 Transverse Frontoparietal index (b_fm/b_h)	头面宽指数 Head - Face breadth index (b_f/b_h)	形态面指数Morphological index (h_mf/b_f)	形态上面指数Morphological upper facial index (h_mf/b_f)	容貌面指数 physiognomic facial index (h_pf/b_f)	颧下颌宽度指数Zygomatic mandibular index (b_b/b_f)	颧额宽指数Zygomatic frontal breadth index (b_fm/b_f)	容貌上面指数Physiognomic upper facial height index (h_puf/b_f)	容貌上面高指数Physiognomic upper facial height index (h_ph/h_he)	头面高指数Vertical cephalo facial index (h_m_f/h_a)
Male	6	78.79±5.25	62.05±3.16	79.07±6.26	81.11±5.23	90.80±6.18	78.52±2.99	46.17±2.96	127.91±6.10	77.51±3.59	89.47±4.53	51.69±2.56	40.49±2.57	90.34±5.69
	7	79.37±5.61	62.09±4.55	78.46±6.30	81.72±5.31	91.57±6.39	78.72±4.41	46.68±3.96	127.29±6.70	76.47±5.39	89.41±4.78	52.61±4.32	41.33±2.47	92.25±9.52
	8	79.89±4.30	62.13±4.67	77.91±6.12	80.45±4.92	88.80±7.38	80.38±7.09	47.91±5.32	130.15±11.20	78.74±7.60	91.15±8.77	54.28±6.25	41.70±2.83	91.62±8.61
	9	79.33±5.24	62.54±4.33	79.06±6.51	80.43±6.22	89.84±8.53	81.81±8.12	49.65±5.99	130.78±12.20	80.40±6.60	90.00±7.53	55.65±6.16	42.57±2.95	92.68±7.35
	10	79.36±4.36	62.55±4.24	78.94±5.42	80.37±4.36	90.74±5.03	82.03±5.69	49.03±4.25	129.98±7.88	79.05±3.92	88.68±4.10	54.87±4.47	42.29±3.41	94.43±7.43
	11	78.97±4.49	62.24±4.27	79.00±6.26	81.73±4.49	92.70±5.14	80.97±5.74	48.38±4.28	128.98±7.58	78.21±3.94	88.31±5.12	53.90±4.58	41.80±2.59	95.21±7.29
	12	78.83±4.28	62.28±4.70	79.13±6.05	82.25±4.23	93.79±4.01	81.17±4.81	48.13±3.99	130.11±7.45	78.48±3.98	87.74±3.77	54.30±4.06	41.76±2.45	96.52±7.74
	13	78.59±4.53	62.21±4.46	79.30±5.95	83.50±4.48	94.88±5.30	80.25±5.53	48.54±4.11	129.65±7.71	78.74±4.55	88.22±6.35	53.29±4.08	41.12±2.29	96.21±7.65
	14	79.13±4.08	61.65±4.65	78.04±6.30	84.25±4.31	96.41±4.56	80.14±4.40	47.05±2.97	128.15±6.13	78.26±3.50	87.46±4.04	53.12±3.57	41.46±2.20	99.42±8.52
	15	78.25±3.75	61.50±4.49	78.68±5.79	84.16±4.22	96.76±3.79	79.90±3.88	46.53±3.59	128.38±6.42	78.30±3.47	87.00±3.39	53.53±3.20	41.74±2.36	98.63±7.83
	16	78.54±5.36	62.78±4.50	80.21±7.03	84.04±4.45	98.25±5.67	79.90±4.97	46.73±3.18	127.64±7.76	78.81±3.54	85.68±4.62	52.77±3.29	41.41±2.33	98.09±6.44
Female	6	79.74±5.34	59.79±4.74**	75.24±7.06**	80.95±4.60	90.83±5.28	78.86±4.77	46.05±3.08	129.07±3.20	76.31±3.41	89.26±4.68	51.42±3.12	39.85±2.30	95.82±10.28**
	7	79.49±5.02	60.10±5.58*	75.81±7.59*	82.62±6.47	90.98±6.51	77.92±5.51	47.00±4.75	128.10±7.71	76.18±5.72	90.95±5.64	53.25±4.80	41.57±2.90	93.81±7.76
	8	78.79±4.92	60.40±5.41*	76.91±7.97	82.79±5.62**	90.97±8.63	80.39±6.28	47.54±4.35	130.73±9.48	78.52±7.87	91.67±9.65	53.73±5.01	41.12±2.73	95.33±9.43*
	9	79.03±4.20	62.24±5.01	78.90±6.80	82.33±5.19*	92.04±4.45*	79.91±4.67	47.79±4.63*	130.33±6.38	78.26±3.73*	89.49±4.46	53.56±4.43*	41.09±2.70**	93.59±7.58
	10	79.78±4.57	63.51±4.91	79.76±6.49	81.72±4.62*	92.18±6.49	80.58±6.19	48.45±4.70	131.74±9.89	78.50±5.33	88.98±6.86	54.37±4.80	41.31±2.68*	93.20±7.56
	11	79.51±4.56	64.09±4.77**	80.74±6.06*	81.98±5.08	92.13±7.57	81.79±6.70	48.74±4.94	133.42±10.84**	79.51±5.39*	89.40±7.07	54.31±5.28	40.73±2.47**	93.26±7.56
	12	78.67±4.52	63.63±4.62*	81.13±7.44*	84.41±5.51**	94.25±6.94	82.06±5.68	47.57±3.80	132.08±7.65*	78.95±4.85	89.80±5.86**	54.72±4.32	41.43±2.20	95.58±8.38
	13	78.32±4.54	63.59±3.98*	81.43±6.49*	85.89±5.46**	95.44±7.26	81.47±5.63	47.47±3.78	130.40±8.35	80.11±5.66	90.29±6.44*	54.24±4.13	41.65±2.67	95.50±6.70
	14	78.74±4.88	64.25±5.88**	81.73±7.40**	86.29±6.31*	97.91±5.72	79.27±4.73	46.36±3.04	127.67±8.32	78.59±3.47	88.15±4.59	51.90±3.38*	40.75±2.85	95.53±10.44*
	15	78.80±4.37	64.05±4.47**	81.44±6.16**	86.75±5.62**	97.64±5.28	79.01±5.10	46.78±3.29	127.81±6.95	78.82±3.61	88.93±4.93**	52.05±3.69**	40.75±2.42**	94.96±7.68**
	16	78.85±3.97	64.35±4.31*	81.79±6.69	86.68±4.38**	98.44±5.03	79.38±5.53	47.56±3.23	127.97±5.37	78.60±3.38	88.25±6.00**	53.21±3.09	41.61±2.27	95.91±8.87

性别Gender	年龄age (a)	头长宽指数Length-breadth index of head (b_h/l_h)	头长高指数Length-Height index of head (h_a/l_h)	头宽高指数Breadth-Height index of head (h_a/b_h)	额顶宽指数 Transverse Frontoparietal index (b_fm/b_h)	头面宽指数 Head - Face breadth index (b_f/b_h)	形态面指数Morphological index (h_mf/b_f)	形态上面指数Morphological upper facial index (h_mf/b_f)	容貌面指数 physiognomic facial index (h_pf/b_f)	颧下颌宽度指数Zygomatic mandibular index (b_b/b_f)	颧额宽指数Zygomatic frontal breadth index (b_fm/b_f)	容貌上面指数Physiognomic upper facial height index (h_puf/b_f)	容貌上面高指数Physiognomic upper facial height index (h_ph/h_he)	头面高指数Vertical cephalo facial index (h_m_f/h_a)
Male	6	78.79±5.25	62.05±3.16	79.07±6.26	81.11±5.23	90.80±6.18	78.52±2.99	46.17±2.96	127.91±6.10	77.51±3.59	89.47±4.53	51.69±2.56	40.49±2.57	90.34±5.69
	7	79.37±5.61	62.09±4.55	78.46±6.30	81.72±5.31	91.57±6.39	78.72±4.41	46.68±3.96	127.29±6.70	76.47±5.39	89.41±4.78	52.61±4.32	41.33±2.47	92.25±9.52
	8	79.89±4.30	62.13±4.67	77.91±6.12	80.45±4.92	88.80±7.38	80.38±7.09	47.91±5.32	130.15±11.20	78.74±7.60	91.15±8.77	54.28±6.25	41.70±2.83	91.62±8.61
	9	79.33±5.24	62.54±4.33	79.06±6.51	80.43±6.22	89.84±8.53	81.81±8.12	49.65±5.99	130.78±12.20	80.40±6.60	90.00±7.53	55.65±6.16	42.57±2.95	92.68±7.35
	10	79.36±4.36	62.55±4.24	78.94±5.42	80.37±4.36	90.74±5.03	82.03±5.69	49.03±4.25	129.98±7.88	79.05±3.92	88.68±4.10	54.87±4.47	42.29±3.41	94.43±7.43
	11	78.97±4.49	62.24±4.27	79.00±6.26	81.73±4.49	92.70±5.14	80.97±5.74	48.38±4.28	128.98±7.58	78.21±3.94	88.31±5.12	53.90±4.58	41.80±2.59	95.21±7.29
	12	78.83±4.28	62.28±4.70	79.13±6.05	82.25±4.23	93.79±4.01	81.17±4.81	48.13±3.99	130.11±7.45	78.48±3.98	87.74±3.77	54.30±4.06	41.76±2.45	96.52±7.74
	13	78.59±4.53	62.21±4.46	79.30±5.95	83.50±4.48	94.88±5.30	80.25±5.53	48.54±4.11	129.65±7.71	78.74±4.55	88.22±6.35	53.29±4.08	41.12±2.29	96.21±7.65
	14	79.13±4.08	61.65±4.65	78.04±6.30	84.25±4.31	96.41±4.56	80.14±4.40	47.05±2.97	128.15±6.13	78.26±3.50	87.46±4.04	53.12±3.57	41.46±2.20	99.42±8.52
	15	78.25±3.75	61.50±4.49	78.68±5.79	84.16±4.22	96.76±3.79	79.90±3.88	46.53±3.59	128.38±6.42	78.30±3.47	87.00±3.39	53.53±3.20	41.74±2.36	98.63±7.83
	16	78.54±5.36	62.78±4.50	80.21±7.03	84.04±4.45	98.25±5.67	79.90±4.97	46.73±3.18	127.64±7.76	78.81±3.54	85.68±4.62	52.77±3.29	41.41±2.33	98.09±6.44
Female	6	79.74±5.34	59.79±4.74**	75.24±7.06**	80.95±4.60	90.83±5.28	78.86±4.77	46.05±3.08	129.07±3.20	76.31±3.41	89.26±4.68	51.42±3.12	39.85±2.30	95.82±10.28**
	7	79.49±5.02	60.10±5.58*	75.81±7.59*	82.62±6.47	90.98±6.51	77.92±5.51	47.00±4.75	128.10±7.71	76.18±5.72	90.95±5.64	53.25±4.80	41.57±2.90	93.81±7.76
	8	78.79±4.92	60.40±5.41*	76.91±7.97	82.79±5.62**	90.97±8.63	80.39±6.28	47.54±4.35	130.73±9.48	78.52±7.87	91.67±9.65	53.73±5.01	41.12±2.73	95.33±9.43*
	9	79.03±4.20	62.24±5.01	78.90±6.80	82.33±5.19*	92.04±4.45*	79.91±4.67	47.79±4.63*	130.33±6.38	78.26±3.73*	89.49±4.46	53.56±4.43*	41.09±2.70**	93.59±7.58
	10	79.78±4.57	63.51±4.91	79.76±6.49	81.72±4.62*	92.18±6.49	80.58±6.19	48.45±4.70	131.74±9.89	78.50±5.33	88.98±6.86	54.37±4.80	41.31±2.68*	93.20±7.56
	11	79.51±4.56	64.09±4.77**	80.74±6.06*	81.98±5.08	92.13±7.57	81.79±6.70	48.74±4.94	133.42±10.84**	79.51±5.39*	89.40±7.07	54.31±5.28	40.73±2.47**	93.26±7.56
	12	78.67±4.52	63.63±4.62*	81.13±7.44*	84.41±5.51**	94.25±6.94	82.06±5.68	47.57±3.80	132.08±7.65*	78.95±4.85	89.80±5.86**	54.72±4.32	41.43±2.20	95.58±8.38
	13	78.32±4.54	63.59±3.98*	81.43±6.49*	85.89±5.46**	95.44±7.26	81.47±5.63	47.47±3.78	130.40±8.35	80.11±5.66	90.29±6.44*	54.24±4.13	41.65±2.67	95.50±6.70
	14	78.74±4.88	64.25±5.88**	81.73±7.40**	86.29±6.31*	97.91±5.72	79.27±4.73	46.36±3.04	127.67±8.32	78.59±3.47	88.15±4.59	51.90±3.38*	40.75±2.85	95.53±10.44*
	15	78.80±4.37	64.05±4.47**	81.44±6.16**	86.75±5.62**	97.64±5.28	79.01±5.10	46.78±3.29	127.81±6.95	78.82±3.61	88.93±4.93**	52.05±3.69**	40.75±2.42**	94.96±7.68**
	16	78.85±3.97	64.35±4.31*	81.79±6.69	86.68±4.38**	98.44±5.03	79.38±5.53	47.56±3.23	127.97±5.37	78.60±3.38	88.25±6.00**	53.21±3.09	41.61±2.27	95.91±8.87

指数 index	类型type	6 a	7 a	8 a	9 a	10 a	11 a	12 a	13 a	14 a	15 a	16 a	总体 total
头长宽指数 Length-breadth index of head	特长hyperdolichocephaly (X~70.9)	6.1%	5.6%	1.0%	1.2%	3.7%	1.0%	0.8%	3.1%	2.6%		7.9%	2.6%
	长 dolichocephaly (71.0~75.9)	20.4%	25.4%	13.4%	25.6%	17.1%	20.4%	28.3%	24.7%	18.2%	28.9%	20.6%	22.3%
	中 mesocephaly (76.0~80.9)	32.7%	29.6%	49.5%	43.9%	47.6%	51.0%	36.7%	42.3%	50.6%	49.4%	42.9%	43.7%
	圆brachycephaly(81.0~85.4)	30.6%	25.4%	28.9%	13.4%	22.0%	18.4%	25.0%	23.7%	18.2%	18.1%	17.5%	21.9%
	特圆hyperbrachycephaly (85.5~90.9)	10.2%	11.3%	6.2%	12.2%	8.5%	7.1%	9.2%	4.1%	10.4%	3.6%	11.1%	8.3%
	超圆头型ultrabrachycephaly (91.0~X)		2.8%	1.0%	3.7%	1.2%	2.0%		2.1%				1.2%
头长高指数Length-height index of head	低chamaecephalic (X~57.6)	10.2%	14.1%	18.6%	14.6%	12.2%	13.3%	17.5%	18.6%	20.8%	14.5%	9.5%	15.3%
	正orthocephalic (57.7~62.5)	46.9%	45.1%	35.1%	30.5%	47.6%	36.7%	34.2%	36.1%	37.7%	47.0%	46.0%	39.4%
	高hypsicephalic (62.6~X)	42.9%	40.8%	46.4%	54.9%	40.2%	50.0%	48.3%	45.4%	41.6%	38.6%	44.4%	45.3%
头宽高指数Breadth-height index of head	阔tapeinocephalic (X~78.9)	49.0%	52.1%	61.9%	54.9%	52.4%	50.0%	50.0%	45.4%	51.9%	50.6%	55.6%	52.1%
	中metriocephalic (79.0~84.9)	38.8%	36.6%	26.8%	24.4%	34.1%	32.7%	31.7%	37.1%	29.9%	36.1%	22.2%	31.8%
	狭acrocephalic (85.0~X)	12.2%	11.3%	11.3%	20.7%	13.4%	17.3%	18.3%	17.5%	18.2%	13.3%	22.2%	16.1%
形态面指数Morphological index	超阔hypereuryprosopy (X~78.9)	51.0%	50.7%	46.4%	43.9%	35.4%	33.7%	30.8%	42.3%	44.2%	43.4%	42.9%	41.2%
	阔euryprosopy (79.0~83.9)	49.0%	39.4%	38.1%	25.6%	28.0%	46.9%	45.0%	35.1%	35.1%	36.1%	33.3%	37.5%
	中mesoprosopy (84.0~87.9)		8.5%	6.2%	13.4%	19.5%	11.2%	15.0%	17.5%	18.2%	19.3%	17.5%	13.7%
	狭leptoprosopy (88.0~92.9)		1.4%	5.2%	7.3%	14.6%	5.1%	8.3%	4.1%	1.3%	1.2%	6.3%	5.3%
	超狭hyperleptoprosopy (93.0~X)			4.1%	9.8%	2.4%	3.1%	0.8%	1.0%	1.3%			2.2%
形态上面指数Morphological upper facial index	超阔hypereuryen (X~42.9)	12.2%	12.7%	9.3%	7.3%	8.5%	10.2%	10.0%	7.2%	5.2%	15.7%	14.3%	10.0%
	阔euryen (43.0~47.9)	65.3%	53.5%	53.6%	37.8%	30.5%	37.8%	40.0%	30.9%	59.7%	53.0%	47.6%	44.9%
	中mesen (48.0~52.9)	20.4%	25.4%	23.7%	28.0%	42.7%	36.7%	40.0%	52.6%	31.2%	26.5%	36.5%	34.1%
	狭lepten (53.0~56.9)	2.0%	4.2%	7.2%	12.2%	15.9%	14.3%	8.3%	7.2%	3.9%	4.8%	1.6%	7.9%
	超狭hyperlepten (57.0~X)		4.2%	6.2%	14.6%	2.4%	1.0%	1.7%	2.1%				3.0%