人类学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (01): 75-86.doi: 10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2019.0028

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄河流域出土龙山时期扬子鳄骨板的多种同位素分析

张兴香1(), 李雍1, 吴晓桐1,2(), 宋艳波2, 栾丰实2, 薛新明3, 金正耀1   

  1. 1.中国科学技术大学科技考古实验室,合肥 230026
    2.山东大学历史文化学院,济南 250100
    3.山西省考古研究所,太原 030001
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-24 修回日期:2018-12-18 出版日期:2021-02-15 发布日期:2021-02-25
  • 通讯作者: 吴晓桐
  • 作者简介:张兴香,女,副教授,主要从事同位素考古研究。E-mail: zhangxx@ustc.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    山东省社科规划项目(19DKGJ02);山东省自然学科基金(ZR2020QD043);国家重点研发计划:中华文明起源进程中的生业、资源与技术研究(2020YFC1521606);中国科学技术大学统筹推进世界一流大学和一流学科建设专项资金(YD2110002006);山东大学青年交叉科学群体项目(2020QNQT018);国家自然科学基金(41603008)

Multi-isotope analysis on the Yangtze Alligator osteoderm unearthed from Yellow River Valley during the Longshan Period

ZHANG Xingxiang1(), LI Yong1, WU Xiaotong1,2(), SONG Yanbo2, LUAN Fengshi2, XUE Xinming3, JIN Zhengyao1   

  1. 1. USTC Archaeometry Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026
    2. School of History and Culture, Shandong University, Jinan 250100
    3. Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology, Taiyuan 030001
  • Received:2018-07-24 Revised:2018-12-18 Online:2021-02-15 Published:2021-02-25
  • Contact: WU Xiaotong

摘要:

扬子鳄现今生活在长江下游地区,但是在龙山时代(5000~4000 BP cal.)黄河流域多处遗址中发现了扬子鳄骨板。为判断龙山时代华北地区的扬子鳄是本地生长还是来自与长江流域的贸易交换,本研究对芮城清凉寺、邹平丁公、泗水尹家城3处遗址出土的7例鳄鱼骨板进行了Sr、C和O同位素分析。3处遗址鳄鱼骨板的87Sr/86Sr值均落入当地Sr同位素背景范围内,且山东样本的δ18O比值高于山西样本,符合δ18O值由内陆向沿海升高的趋势,证明这些扬子鳄个体属于本地物种的可能性很大。扬子鳄骨板的δ13C值都明显高于世界其他内陆地区淡水系统的鳄鱼,显示出复杂的饮食特征。上述结果有助于深入了解不同时期扬子鳄的地理分布变迁,对重建距今四千多年前华北地区的古环境具有重要意义,同时也对龙山先民与扬子鳄的关系提出了新的疑问。

关键词: 龙山时代, 扬子鳄, 同位素, 古环境

Abstract:

Chinese alligators (Alligator sinensis) nowadays inhabit the downstream Yangtze River, but the alligator remains were found at several archaeological sites in Yellow river region during the Longshan period (5000~4000 BP cal). To determine whether these Yangtze alligators were indigenous or were part of long-distance trading from Yellow river region, we conducted Sr, C and O isotopic analysis of seven alligator osteoderms samples from Qingliangsi, Dinggong and Yinjiacheng sites dating from the Late Longshan Period. The87Sr/86Sr ratios of these alligator osteoderms in three sites fall into the local bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr ranges, and the δ 18O ratio of Shandong samples was higher than Shanxi samples, which was consistent with the trend of δ 18O increasing from the inland to coastal, indicating that these remains are mainly indigenous. The δ 13C of Chinese alligator osteoderm were significantly higher than the rest of the world’s inland freshwater systems crocodile, showing complex diet characteristics. The result of isotopes that is better to understand the geographical distribution change of Yangtze alligators in different periods, which is of great significance for reconstructing the paleo-environment of North China more than 4000 years ago. It also raised new questions about the relationship between the ancestors of Longshan and the Chinese alligator.

Key words: Longshan period, Alligator sinensis, Isotope, Paleoenvironment

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