人类学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (03): 404-412.doi: 10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2025.0047cstr: 32091.14.j.1000-3193/AAS.2025.0047

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广西娅怀洞遗址B区出土的旧石器

李浩1(), 谢光茂2,3, 李大伟4, 李三灵5, 肖培源1,6, 陈清懿1,6, 王雨晴1,6, 贾真秀1, 吴雁7, 卢杰英8   

  1. 1.中国科学院青藏高原研究所古生态与人类适应团队,北京100101
    2.广西师范大学历史文化与旅游学院,桂林541001
    3.广西文物保护与考古研究所,南宁530022
    4.广西民族大学科技史和科技文化研究院,南宁530006
    5.河南大学历史文化学院,开封475001
    6.中国科学院大学,北京100049
    7.重庆中国三峡博物馆,重庆,400015
    8.广西隆安县文物管理所,隆安532700
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-06 修回日期:2025-05-19 出版日期:2025-06-15 发布日期:2025-06-18
  • 作者简介:李浩,研究员,主要从事旧石器时代考古研究。E-mail: lihao@itpcas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目(22&ZD246)

Paleolithics excavated from Area B of the Yahuai Cave site, Guangxi

LI Hao1(), XIE Guangmao2,3, LI Dawei4, LI Sanling5, XIAO Peiyuan1,6, CHEN Qingyi1,6, WANG Yuqing1,6, JIA Zhenxiu1, WU Yan7, LU Jieying8   

  1. 1. Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaptation Group (ALPHA), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
    2. School of History, Culture and Tourism, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541001
    3. Guangxi Institute of Cultural Relics Protection and Archaeology, Nanning 530022
    4. Institute for History and Culture of Science &Technology, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006
    5. School of History and Culture, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001
    6. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
    7. Chongqing China Three Gorges Museum, Chongqing 400015
    8. Long’an County Cultural Relics Management Office, Long’an 532700
  • Received:2024-11-06 Revised:2025-05-19 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-06-18

摘要:

娅怀洞遗址是近年来中国南方地区发现的一处文化内涵丰富、时代跨度较大的旧石器时代晚期到新石器时代遗址。遗址包含三个时期的旧石器文化层。对打制石制品的分析显示,遗址中并存两套特征鲜明的剥片系统:以砂岩和石灰岩为原料的陡刃锤击石核剥片系统,以及以玻璃陨石、燧石、石英、水晶为原料的砸击剥片系统。砸击技术主要用来生产小型石片和石片石器。该遗址以砸击技术为特色的小型石制品组合在东南亚、南亚,以及我国南北方不同地区的旧石器时代晚期遗址中均有发现,很可能指示了早期现代人跨区域迁徙扩散的过程。研究娅怀洞遗址旧石器时代石制品,为揭示中国南方地区早期现代人的技术与文化面貌,以及深入认识东亚早期现代人行为多样性和复杂性提供了重要材料和证据。

关键词: 旧石器晚期, 玻璃陨石, 砸击技术, 小型石制品, 早期现代人

Abstract:

The Yahuai Cave site is a newly discovered Late Paleolithic to Neolithic site in South China. The site has yielded rich cultural remains spanning a relatively long period. Three Paleolithic cultural phases have been identified from the site. Analysis of lithic assemblages shows that two distinctive flaking systems co-existed at the site. One is featured by the steep-angled flaking cores made on sandstone, while the other is featured by the bipolar flaking cores made on tektite, chert, quartz and crystal. Bipolar technology is mainly related to the production of miniaturized flakes and flake tools. Miniaturized lithic assemblages or minialithic technology have been widely documented in the Upper Paleolithic sites in South and Southeast Asia, as well as the different regions of China, likely indicating the migration and dispersal process of early modern humans. The study of knapped stone artifacts at Yahuai Cave provides important materials and evidence for understanding the behavioral diversity and complexity of early modern humans in East Asia.

Key words: Late Paleolithic, tektite, bipolar technology, minialithic, early modern humans

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