人类学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (04): 683-694.doi: 10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2025.0051cstr: 32091.14.j.1000-3193/AAS.2025.0051

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

河南双槐树遗址居民的颅骨形态

周亚威1(), 付荣玉2, 顾万发3   

  1. 1 郑州大学考古与文化遗产学院郑州 450001
    2 吉林大学考古学院长春 130012
    3 郑州市文物考古研究院郑州 450052
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-26 修回日期:2025-03-30 出版日期:2026-08-15 发布日期:2026-08-12
  • 作者简介:周亚威,教授,博士生导师,主要从事体质人类学研究。E-mail: zhouyawei469@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金(19ZDA227);河南省高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目(2026-JCZD-12);2025年度文物保护科研课题(25HNWWJ-KJ16);2025年河南省高等教育教学改革研究与实践项目(2025SJGLX036Y);2023年度河南省高校哲学社会科学创新人才支持计划(2023-CXRC-17)

Skull morphology of the residents from the Shuanghuaishu site in Henan

ZHOU Yawei1(), FU Rongyu2, GU Wanfa3   

  1. 1 School of Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001
    2 School of Archaeology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012
    3 Zhengzhou Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Zhengzhou 450052
  • Received:2024-09-26 Revised:2025-03-30 Online:2026-08-15 Published:2026-08-12

摘要:

本文对双槐树遗址出土仰韶文化时期的颅骨进行了观察和测量。双槐树组的颅骨特征表现为中颅型、偏阔的中鼻型、偏低的中眶型、阔腭型、中等偏大的面部扁平度、平颌型、眉弓发育较弱、圆钝的眶型、简单的颅顶缝、发育较弱的犬齿窝和鼻根凹。双槐树组居民表现出现代亚洲蒙古人种东亚类型和南亚类型的混合特征,与华南地区的近代人群在体质上较为相似。在与古代组的比较中,双槐树男性组与西山组、仰韶合并组等古代组距离最近,女性组也有相近的研究结论。综合分析,我们认为双槐树古代居民应属于“古中原类型”群体。黄河中游地区在新石器时代晚期阶段,仰韶文化居民表现出较为一致的人种特点。

关键词: 双槐树遗址, 颅骨, 形态

Abstract:

The skulls of the Yangshao culture excavated from the Shuanghuaishu site were observed and measured. The skull features of the Shuanghuaishu group are characterized by a middle cranial type, medium broad nose type, lower medium orbital type, broad palate type, medium to large facial flatness, flat jaw type, weak eyebrow arch development, round and blunt orbital margin, simple cranial parietal suture, weakly developed canine fossa and nasopharyngeal fossa. The residents of the Shuanghuaishu site exhibited a mixture of East Asian and South Asian types of modern Asian Mongoloids, and their physiques were similar to those of the modern population in South China. When compared with ancient groups, the male group from Shuanghuaishu is most closely related to the combined Yangshao group, the Xishan group, the Wanggou group, and the Sunzhuang group. Similar conclusions can be drawn for the female group. After comprehensive analysis, we conclude that the ancient residents of the Shuanghuaishu site belong to the “Paleo-Central Plains type” group. During the late Neolithic period, the ancient residents in the middle reaches of the Yellow River showed relatively consistent ethnographic characteristics.

Key words: Shuanghuaishu site, skull, morphology

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