人类学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (06): 939-951.doi: 10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2025.0094cstr: 32091.14.j.1000-3193/AAS.2025.0094

• 元谋猿人遗址 • 上一篇    下一篇

云南元谋猿人遗址2023年度发掘报告

阮齐军1(), 李田广2, 车德才3, 和金梅4, 孙博阳5, 史勤勤5, 侯素宽5, 张双权5, 王国付2, 李俊2, 永春6, 张飞3, 石俊雯3, 张雯静3, 贾真秀7, 李浩7   

  1. 1.云南省文物考古研究所昆明 650206
    2.楚雄彝族自治州博物馆楚雄 675000
    3.元谋县文物管理所元谋 651300
    4.玉龙县文物管理所丽江 674100
    5.中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所北京 100044
    6.元谋人博物馆元谋 651300
    7.中国科学院青藏高原研究所古生态与人类适应团队青藏高原地球系统与资源环境全国重点实验室北京 100101
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-25 接受日期:2025-03-21 出版日期:2025-12-15 发布日期:2025-12-15
  • 作者简介:阮齐军,副研究馆员,主要从事旧石器时代考古研究。E-mail: ynruanqijun@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点文物保护专项补助资金;全国考古人才振兴计划项目(2024-278)

The 2023 excavation report on the Yuanmou hominin site, Yunnan Province

RUAN Qijun1(), LI Tianguang2, CHE Decai3, HE Jinmei4, SUN Boyang5, SHI Qinqin5, HOU Sukuan5, ZHANG Shuangquan5, WANG Guofu2, LI Jun2, YONG Chun6, ZHANG Fei3, SHI Junwen3, ZHANG Wenjing3, JIA Zhenxiu7, LI Hao7   

  1. 1. Yunnan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Kunming 650206
    2. Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture Museum, Chuxiong 675000
    3. Yuanmou County Cultural Relics Management Office, Yuanmou 651300
    4. Yulong County Cultural Relics Management Office, Lijiang 674100
    5. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044
    6. Yuanmou Man Museum, Yuanmou 651300
    7. Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaptation Group (ALPHA), State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources(TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
  • Received:2025-02-25 Accepted:2025-03-21 Online:2025-12-15 Published:2025-12-15

摘要:

元谋猿人遗址地处金沙江流域的元谋盆地东南部,是我国重要古人类文化遗址之一。2023年7月至2024年1月,云南省文物考古研究所等单位联合对遗址东南部的郭家包梁子开展了考古发掘工作,发掘面积为200 m2,分属于不同海拔的四个发掘区同步发掘,发掘深度5~13 m,总发掘深度约29 m,共清理化石地层23层,含化石地层总厚度约15.2 m。经系统发掘,四个发掘区原生地层共出土大哺乳动物化石12727件、粪便化石112件。大哺乳动物化石中具有属种鉴定意义的标本共1070件,共包括4目13科18属19种,其余均为动物碎骨。动物考古初步分析中还识别出少量可能与古人类活动相关的动物碎骨化石。本年度发掘为进一步认识元谋猿人遗址地层堆积与环境背景等提供了重要材料。

关键词: 元谋猿人, 河湖相沉积, 元谋动物群, 早更新世, 动物考古

Abstract:

The Yuanmou hominin site is located at the Jinshajiang River valley, southeastern of the Yuanmou Basin, and is a key and important paleoanthropological site in China. From July 2023 to January 2024, Yunnan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology conducted a joint excavation at Guojiabaoliangzi that is located at the southeastern part of the site. In total, an area of 200 m2 was excavated, including four sub-excavation areas in varied elevations. The depth of excavated stratigraphy ranges from 5 to 13 m, with a total depth of 29 m. Twenty-three fossil layers were identified, by a depth of 15.2 m. Through the systematic excavation, 12727 pieces of large mammal fossils and 112 pieces of coprolites were unearthed from the four excavation areas. There are 1070 large mammal fossils can be assigned to specific types, including four orders, 13 families, 18 genus and 19 speices, whereas all others are fragmented bones. Preliminary zooarchaeological analysis identified a few number of bone fragments that probably related to the intentional activity of hominins. The 2023 excavation provides important materials for further understanding of the stratigraphy and paleoenvironmental context of the site.

Key words: Yuanmou hominin site, fluvial-lacustrine deposits, Yuanmou fauna, Early Pleistocene, zooarchaeology

中图分类号: