泥河湾盆地武家梁旧石器遗址1号地点的光释光测年

doi:10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2026.0032

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文采用钾长石单片多步升温红外后红外光释光测年法(MET-pIRIR_50-280℃)，对采自泥河湾盆地武家梁1号地点剖面的6个样品进行了测年研究。采用标准生长曲线法，对样品在50~280℃激发温度下的等效剂量(D_e)进行了测量。剂量恢复和异常衰减实验结果，以及等效剂量与激发温度关系(D_e-T)表明，MET-pIRIR_250℃信号适用于该遗址沉积样品的年龄测定。测年结果显示，该地点文化层堆积年代约在378~359 ka之间，对应深海氧同位素(MIS)10阶段以及黄土-古土壤序列的L4阶段的早中期。取自遗址剖面黄土堆积底部样品的释光年龄约为87 ka，大致对应武家梁2号地点的文化层年代。本研究对完善泥河湾区域中更新世旧石器文化发展序列、探究泥河湾古湖消亡过程具有重要意义。

关键词: 泥河湾盆地, 武家梁, 旧石器遗址, 钾长石光释光测年, 标准生长曲线法

Abstract:

The Wujialiang Locality 1 (WJL1) site, situated on the eastern margin of the Nihewan Basin, is an important Palaeolithic locality within the Shandui site cluster and preserves a well-stratified sequence of lacustrine, fluvial, and aeolian deposits. A total of 285 stone artifacts and 115 animal fossils were unearthed at the WJL1 site. Through comprehensive analyses of the composition of the stone artifacts, their degree of weathering and abrasion, and their occurrence characteristics, it is inferred that the site was minimally disturbed by natural forces and belongs to an in-situ burial type. The raw materials for the stone artifacts at the WJL1 site were mainly rhyolite, flint, and siliceous dolomite, followed by quartzite, dolomite, and conglomerate. Based on the analyses of the types and technical characteristics of the stone artifacts, the stone tool technology at this site generally belongs to the long-existing stone-flake technology system in northern China.

To establish a reliable chronological framework for the site, nine samples were collected from the sedimentary profile for luminescence dating. Three of the nine samples were not dated due to the limited coarse grains (>63 µm) that could be extracted. The remaining six samples were measured for equivalent dose (D_e) using the multiple elevated temperature post-infrared infrared (MET-pIRIR) stimulated luminescence dating method on multi-grained single-aliquot potassium feldspars (K-feldspars). To reduce the instrument time, we employed the Standard Growth Curve (SGC) method to measure the D_e values for each sample. Based on the residual dose, dose recovery, fading tests, and the D_e-T plot, the MET-pIRIR_250℃ CAM D_e was selected for the final age calculation.

The results indicate that the archaeological layer was deposited during the 378-359 ka period, corresponding to the earlier phase of the marine isotope stage (MIS) 10 and the loess-paleosoil unit L4. The luminescence age of the sample collected from the bottom of the top loess layer is about 87 ka, which roughly corresponds to the cultural layer of the Wujialiang Locality 2 (WJL2) site. The luminescence ages in this paper are of great significance for improving the chronological framework of the Pleistocene Paleolithic sites and exploring the process of ancient lake disappearance in the Nihewan Basin.

Key words: Nihewan Basin, Wujialiang, Palaeolithic site, MET-pIRIR, Standard Growth Curve

中图分类号:

K871

王心蕊, 张芷瑶, 黄冰柔, 王法岗, 郭玉杰. 泥河湾盆地武家梁旧石器遗址1号地点的光释光测年[J]. 人类学学报, 2026, 45(03): 489-499.

WANG Xinrui, ZHANG Zhiyao, HUANG Bingrou, WANG Fagang, GUO Yujie. Luminescence dating of the Paleolithic site of Wujialiang Locality 1 in the Nihewan Basin[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2026, 45(03): 489-499.

图/表 7

图1 武家梁遗址地理位置图 a.武家梁遗址位置Location of the Wujialiang site；b.奥维地图中武家梁和摩天岭遗址位置Oblique Aov Map image showing the Wujialiang (WJL) and Motianling (MTL) sites；c.武家梁1、2号地点地貌景观 Landscape of the WJL1 and WJL2

Fig.1 Geographic location of the Wujialiang site

图2 武家梁1号地点剖面及光释光采样位置图 a.武家梁1号地点发掘区剖面Stratigraphic profile of WJL1；b.遗址光释光样品取样位置Luminescence sampling positions at the site

Fig.2 Stratigraphic profile and luminescence sampling locations of the WJL1 site

表1 武家梁1号地点钾长石MET-pIRIR250℃ 年龄结果

Tab.1 The K-feldspar MET-pIRIR250℃ ages of the samples from the WJL1 site

地层Layer	编号Sample	深度Depth (m)	含水量Water (%)	U (mg/kg)	Th (mg/kg)	K (%)	外部剂量率External dose rate (Gy/ka)	内部剂量率Internal dose rate (Gy/ka)	总剂量率Total dose rate (Gy/ka)	等效剂量D_e(Gy)	年龄Age (ka)	模拟年龄 Modelled age (ka)^a
1	WJL-09	4.5	10%±3%	3.05±0.03	9.17±0.04	1.83%±0.01%	2.77±0.10	0.33±0.05	3.09±0.11	269.6±9.3	87.2±4.3
8	WJL-05	10.2	20%±5%	2.45±0.03	8.87±0.04	2.22%±0.01%	2.89±0.10	0.33±0.05	3.21±0.11	1069.2±28.9	333.0±14.9	328±13
	WJL-04	10.3	20%±5%	2.39±0.02	9.13±0.04	2.12%±0.01%	2.81±0.10	0.33±0.05	3.13±0.11	1126.8±30.9	359.8±16.1	348±11
9	WJL-03	11.3	20%±5%	2.46±0.03	8.85±0.03	2.09%±0.01%	2.77±0.10	0.33±0.05	3.10±0.11	1109.0±25.7	357.9±15.2	368±8
	WJL-02	11.5	20%±5%	2.78±0.01	8.93±0.03	1.99%±0.01%	2.76±0.10	0.33±0.05	3.09±0.11	1114.3±34.3	361.2±16.9	370±9
	WJL-01	11.9	20%±5%	2.60±0.03	8.45±0.05	2.00%±0.01%	2.70±0.10	0.33±0.05	3.03±0.11	1140.2±31.4	376.7±17.0	376±10

图3 钾长石MET-pIRIR 50 -280 ℃ 信号标准生长曲线注：图中每个点的误差均为1σ / The vertical bars in each panel indicate the corresponding standard errors

Fig.3 Standard Growth Curve (SGC) of K-feldspar MET-pIRIR50-280°C signals

图4 武家梁1号地点样品检验实验结果 a. 晒退实验结果Bleaching test results；b. 剂量恢复实验结果Dose recovery test results；c. 异常衰减率实验结果Fading test results；d. 等效剂量随激发温度变化CAM De values against stimulation temperatures。图中每个点的误差均为1σ / The vertical bars in each panel indicate the corresponding standard errors

Fig.4 Performance tests for samples from the WJL1 site

图5 钾长石单片MET-pIRIR250°C信号等效剂量雷达分布图灰色阴影区代表样品的加权平均De值/ The grey bands in each panel represent the CAM De values

Fig.5 Radial plots of MET-pIRIR250°C signal SAR De values for K-feldspar samples

图6 武家梁1号地点MET-pIRIR250°C信号光释光年龄贝叶斯模拟结果 a.贝叶斯年龄-深度模型 Bayesian age-depth model；b. 黄土磁化率曲线 Magnetic susceptibility (Mag. Sus.) loess proxy curve from the Xifeng section[29]；c. 深海氧同位素曲线 Globally distributed oxygen isotope record of marine benthos (Marine Isotope Stages)[28]

Fig.6 Bayesian modelled MET-pIRIR250°C ages for the WJL1 site

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